Azerbaijan is the largest and most populated country in the southern Caucasus, and partly belongs to Eastern Europe and partly to Western Asia. Its active volcanoes are located on the borders with Armenia and Iran.
Azerbaijan is famous for numerous mud volcanoes, containing about 400 of them, about half of all known mud volcanoes in the world.
Lokbatan
(mud volcano) |
 Lokbatan is not a real volcano, but one of about 3-400 mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan, and one of its largest and most active ones. It is located about 15 km S of Baku on the Absheron peninsula at the shores of the Caspian Sea.
Lokbatan means "place where the camel got stuck". It may well have been named after the twin humps at the crest of the hill, which give it a camel-like shape. Lokbatan is located 15 kilometers south of Baku. This mud volcano erupted in 1977 and again, even more spectacularly on October 10, 2001, when it produced large flames many tens of meters high. [more] |
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Porak
(stratovolcano) |
Porak volcano is a stratovolcano on the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan, in the Vardeniss volcanic ridge about 20 km SE of Lake Sevan.
The last eruption produced a lava flow around 773-783 AD. Petroglyphs dated to the 5th century BC likely show earlier eruptions of Porak volcano.
The known thermal areas of Jermouk and Histissou are located at 15-20 km distance from Porak volcano. [more] |
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Tskhouk-Karckar
(pyroclastic cones) |
Tskhouk-Karckar volcano is a group of 8 Holocene cinder cones in the central Siunik volcanic ridge along the Armenia/Azerbaijan border about 60 km SE of Lake Sevan.
The last activity took place about 5000 years ago, and built a cone which erupted lava flows. These flows overly older human settlement traces and were used for gravesites in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC. [more] |
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unnamed
(volcanic field) |
A large young lava field which probably has been active within the past 10,000 years is located in the far NW corner of Iran, near the border with Azerbaijan, about 40 km east of the Iranian city of Maku. [more] |
