E-san (恵 山 (え さん) en japonais) est le volcan le plus au sud actifs sur Hokkaido. Il est un stratovolcan andésitique petites situées dans le sud-est de la péninsule Kameda-Hanto s'étendant dans l'océan Pacifique du sud de Hokkaido dans le détroit de Tsugaru de Honshu. Il a un dôme de lave formant son sommet et un autre dôme de lave vers le NO. Tous deux ont été actifs au sein des 10.000 dernières années, le dôme de lave au sommet formant ya environ 9000 ans. Les éruptions historiques ont été seulement connu une petite éruption phréatique en 1846 qui a produit un lahar avec de nombreux décès, et une petite explosion en 1874. E-san a beaucoup fumerolles actives dans un domaine thermique sur le flanc supérieur NW. Fumerolles sont situés sur le flanc supérieur NW. Au pied du mont. E-san est le printemps Esan-Onsen Hot, une attraction très populaire depuis la seconde moitié du 19ème siècle, il est réputé pour son vin rouge distinctive de l'eau colorée. -> Voir la description complète
Eagle Lake est un champ volcanique à la jonction de la Sierra Nevada, Cascades, et du bassin Range en Californie, Etats-Unis. Il contient 15 petits cônes de scories, des fissures et des coulées de lave.
Ebeko is one of the most active volcanoes in the Kurile Islands, located in northern Paramushir Island south of Kamchatka.
Ebeko volcano has a flat top with 3 summit craters aligned SSW-NNE. The eastern part of the southern crater contains a large boiling spring. The middle crater has a hot lake with solfataras along its shore. The lower northern crater has a small, cold lake and is separated from the middle crater by a narrow ridge.
Historical activity has been recorded since the late 18th century and consisted in small to moderate explosive eruptions from the summit craters. Intense fumarolic activity occurs in the summit craters of Ebeko and on the outer flanks of the cone, as well as inside lateral explosion craters. -> Voir la description complète
Ebulobo (also called Amburombu or Keo Peak), is a symmetrical stratovolcano in central Flores Island. It has a flat summit lava dome and contains a 250 m summit crater, breached on 3 sides. In 1830, a lava flow (known as Watu Keli lava flow) descended from the northern breach on the summit and reached 4 km length.
A small summit eruption occurred on 28th February 1969, where "fire", steam and ash were reported.
Correspond à une "avalanche" ardente de cendres chaudes, de ponces, de fragments de roches et de gaz volcaniques, sous forme d'émissions violentes provoquées par la détente des gaz et qui se précipitent vers les parties basses du volcan à des vitesses de 100 Km/h ou plus. La température au sein de ces écoulements peut être supérieure à 500°C, suffisante pour calciner du bois. -> Voir la description complète
Mount Ediziza in NW British Columbia, Canada is a large, complex stratovolcano about 1 million years old forming the most recently active of a group of overlapping basaltic shields, lava domes, flows, and central stratovolcanoes. Mount Edziza contains a 2-km-wide, ice-filled summit caldera with a central summit crater and several flank vents. The volcano's lavas range from basalt to rhyolite.
Frequent volcanic activity of the complex has been going on for about 8 million years, but the last eruptions occurred only about 1000 years ago.
After the Level Mountain Range to the north, Edziza is Canada's second largest young volcano.
Volcanic activity of the Edziza complex is caused by extension structures in the underlying basement and the volcano lies along a zone of north-south normal faults east of the Coast Crystalline Complex.
Active or recently active warm springs are found in several areas along the western flank of the volcanic plateau, including Elwyn springs (36°C), Taweh springs (46°C), and inactive springs near Mess Lake. All 3 hydrothermal areas are near the youngest lava fields on the plateau and are probably associated with the most recent volcanic activity at Mount Edziza.
The vast plateau has also been an important cultural resource. The Tahltan people, who now live largely near Telegraph Creek, British Columbia, used volcanic glass (obsidian) from Mount Edziza to make tools and for trading material.
More recently, most of the plateau has been made into a provincial park to preserve the volcanic and culture treasures unique to the northern British Columbia area. -> Voir la description complète
Ekarma stratovolcano forms a small 5 x 7.5 km island 8.5 km north of Shiashkotan Island in the northern Kurile Islands, Russia.
The volcano belongs to an E-W-trending volcanic chain extending westward from the central part of the main Kuril Island arc. It contains two overlapping basaltic-andesite to andesitic volcanoes, with the western one showing historical activity. Lava flows have flown 3 km in all directions from the summit of the younger cone to the sea, forming a sinuous shoreline.
The island summit is formed by a lava dome which formed in the first historic eruption of Ekarma between 1767-69.
El Aguajito volcano (also known as Santa Ana caldera) is a large 10 km wide caldera at the coast of the Gulf of California, northwest of the older La Reforma caldera. The caldera formed during massive eruptions about 7600,000 years ago in what would be called a super-volcano eruption, and its rim is no longer exposed. A series of lava domes that formed about 500,000 years ago, occupy its northern edge. There is an active geothermal system with hot springs along the southern side of the caldera. -> Voir la description complète
The majestic El Misti volcano is Peru's most known and one of its most active volcanoes. It is an andesitic symmetrical stratovolcano that dominates the town of Arequipa, only 16 km to the SW, and its proximity to Peru's second largest city as well its history of explosive eruptions make it one of the world's most dangerous volcanoes. -> Voir la description complète
El Negrillar (Negros de Aras) is a group of cinder cones and andesitic lava flows in northern Chile about 20 km north of Socompa volcano. The age of volcanic activity from the field is unknown. The major Holocene debris avalanche from Socompa volcano overlies (= is younger than) some youthful-looking lava flows at the western margin of the El Negrillar field.
Note: A volcano called La Negrillar is located nearaby.
El Solo volcano is large stratovolcano in Argentina at the border with northern Chile and west of Nevados del Ojos de Salado and SE of Tres Cruces volcano.
Is comprises 9 eruptive centers. The age of its last eruptions is unknown, but was during the Holocene (less than 11,700 years ago), when it produced thick rhyodacitic pyroclastic-flow deposits that fill adjacent valleys.
El Tatio is one of the most impressive thermal areas of the Andes. The geothermal field is located in northern Chile within a depression east of a chain of older volcanoes, Cerro Deslinde, Cerro Volcán, Cerros del Tatio, and Volcán Tatio.
The Hoyada de Los Geisers del Tatio geothermal field covers 30 sq km and contains 85 fumaroles and solfataras, 62 hot springs, 40 geysers, 5 mud volcanoes, and extensive sinter terraces. It is the world's third largest geyser field and the largest geothermal area in the southern hemisphere.
It has been tried to install geothermal energy plants, but the remoteness of the area and difficulty in providing infrastructure prohibited its development.
El Valle volcano is a (perhaps still active) stratovolcano 80 km SW of Panama City. The volcano has a broad shape and is cut by the 6 km wide El Valle de Antón caldera, which formed about 56,000 years ago.
Lava domes that grew inside the caldera include the Cerro Pajita, Cerro Gaital, and Cerro Caracoral dome complex. -> Voir la description complète
Elbrus volcano is a large stratovolcano in the western Caucasus of SW Russia. It is the highest mountain of Europe (although some argue that it belongs already to Asia) and the highest volcano of the northern hemisphere.
Elbrus has not erupted for about 2000 years, but is considered an active volcano. There is weak solfataric activity near the summit and hot springs are present on the volcano's flanks. -> Voir la description complète
The "Emperor of China" is an questionable submarine volcano in the western part of the Banda Sea and rises 1500 m above the sea floor. The mountain has a flat shield shape and there are unconfirmed reports about possible eruptions in 1927 and before 1927. (Source: GVP)
Endut volcano is one of a complex of 3 closely located old stratovolcanoes known as the Perbakti-Gagak or Kiaraberes-Gagak volcanic complex situated immediately SW of Salak volcano and near Bogor town. The 3 volcanoes of the group are, from S to N, Gunung Endut (1474 m), Gunung Perbakti (1699 m), and Gunung Gagak (1511 m).
The massive, eroded stratovolcano Erciyes Dağ dominates the northern end of the Sultansazligi Basin in central Anatolia. It covers an area of about 1300 sq km. -> Voir la description complète
Mount Erebus stratovolcano is the highest and most active volcano of Antarctica, one of the Volcanic Seven Summits, and the largest of 4 volcanoes that form the roughly triangular Ross Island (Mt Erebus, and the extinct Mt. Bird to the north, Mt. Terra Nova and Mt. Terror to the east).
Hut Point Peninsula to the south is the location of McMurdo Station (the main US base) and Scott Base (the main New Zealand base).
Mount Erebus volcano, located on the western half of Ross Island, Antarctica, is the world's southernmost historically active volcano and famous for its active boiling lava lake.
Its summit temperature averages between -20 (summer) and -50 deg C (winter) and it is covered by glaciers. It was discovered by explorer Caption James Ross in 1841 and climbed 1908 by members of Ernest Shackleton's expedition. Since then it was visited only very rarely in the following 100 years. -> Voir la description complète
La plus explosive et la plus grande des éruptions volcaniques. Les éruptions Pliniennes émettent des volumes colossaux de magma, supérieur à 1 kilomètre cubes souvent en quelques jours et produisent des colonnes de cendres et de ponce qui peuvent atteindre des hauteurs de 20 à 50 km. -> Voir la description complète
Les éruptions stromboliennes sont des explosions discrètes (appelé explosions Stromboliennes, gerbes Strombolienne etc.) de lave relativement fluide d'un évent unique. On estime qu'elles sont issues d’une explosion par décompression d’une poche (bulle) de gaz lors de sa remontée dans le conduit éruptif vers la surface, partiellement solide, de la colonne de magma à l’intérieur de l’évent (la bouche éruptive). -> Voir la description complète
Cerro Escorial volcano is a small andesitic-dacitic stratovolcano in northern Chile on the border with Argentina. The volcano contains a 1 km wide well-preserved summit crater of possible Holocene age. There are young-looking lava flows mostly towards the Chilean side, but they are probably more than 300,000 years old.
A large sulfur mine active until around 1978, La Casualidad or Mina Julia, is located 4 km SW of the volcano in an area of extensive hydrothermal alteration. A present, the volcano has warm springs (frozen at the surface), mud vents, and fumaroles, suggesting that the volcano is still active. -> Voir la description complète
Le volcan sous-glaciaire de Esjufjöll à la partie sud-est de la calotte glaciaire Vatnajökull, au nord du volcan Öræfajökull, peut contenir une caldeira centrale. Une éruption mineure en 1927, ce qui produit un jökulhlaup grand est la seule activité historique connue de Esjufjöll. -> Voir la description complète
Esteli volcano is a group of young fissure vents, cones and lava flows located 36 km south of Honduras in the northern interior highlands between the town of Estelí and the border. The volcanic center is not on the main volcanic front of Nicaragua, but 70 km NE of the main volcanic arc.
Some of the lava flows and cones near Esteli town could be less than 10,000 years old. -> Voir la description complète
ETNA : De l'Indo-européen Aidhna signifiant "qui a la propriété de brûler" Les siciliens l'appelent aussi "Mongibello" de l'arabe djebel ,qui veut dire : la montagne des montagnes. C'est le plus grand volcan actif d'Europe. Il est connu pour ses spectaculaires éruptions avec des émissions de coulées de lave, et d'activité strombolienne et de type fontaine de lave. -> Voir la description complète
Éruptions explosives se produisent lorsque le magma en éruption est éjecté en fragments dans l'air, par opposition à des éruptions effusives produisant des coulées de lave. -> Voir la description complète
Eyafjallajökull volcano (its name meaning Island-Mountain under a glacier) under the small homonymous glacier in southern Iceland erupted spectacularly on 20 March 2010, after having been dormant for almost 200 years. During its most violent phase, the subglacial eruption produced large ash plumes that drifted over Europe and forced an unprecedented closure of airspace over most of Europe for several days in mid April 2010. -> Voir la description complète
