Esteli volcano is a group of young fissure vents, cones and lava flows located 36 km south of Honduras in the northern interior highlands between the town of Estelí and the border. The volcanic center is not on the main volcanic front of Nicaragua, but 70 km NE of the main volcanic arc.
Some of the lava flows and cones near Esteli town could be less than 10,000 years old. -> See whole entry
Etna is Europe's largest and most active volcano. Etna is famous for its frequent spectacular lava eruptions, most of which, however, do not pose danger for the population.
On Sicily itself, Etna is also called "Mongibello". -> See whole entry
Explosive eruptions occur, when the erupting magma is ejected as fragments into the air, as opposed to effusive eruptions producing lava flows. -> See whole entry
Eyafjallajökull volcano (its name meaning Island-Mountain under a glacier) under the small homonymous glacier in southern Iceland erupted spectacularly on 20 March 2010, after having been dormant for almost 200 years. During its most violent phase, the subglacial eruption produced large ash plumes that drifted over Europe and forced an unprecedented closure of airspace over most of Europe for several days in mid April 2010. -> See whole entry
Falso Azufre volcano is a volcanic complex on the Chile/ Argentina border. The 15 km long complex contains overlapping craters and lava domes. The western part contains the highest peak, Cerro Falso Azufre.
Fantale (also spelled Fantalle or Fantala) is a large stratovolcano in the Ethiopian Rift Valley west of Lake Awash. It contains a large spectacular summit caldera.
Fantale's historic eruptions produced lava flows that descended to the east side into the valley and lake Awash. An eruption during the 13th century destroyed a town and church located south of the volcano. In 1820, a 4 km long fissure eruption occured on the east flank and sent basaltic lava flows both into the caldera and outside, reaching the bottom of the Rift valley. -> See whole entry
Flores Island and Corvo Island to its north are located far west of the rest of the Azores islands and are the only two Azorean volcanoes lying west of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. -> See whole entry
Fort Selkirk is a volcanic field near the junction of the Yukon and Pelly rivers in central Yukon. It is the northernmost young volcanic field in Canada.
The volcano consists of large valley-filling lava flows and 3 cinder cones.
The volcanic field developed at the intersection of two prominent fault lines, one running east-west, marked by the Pelly River and the lower Yukon River, and the other one NW-SE, defined by the upper Yukon River.
The first activity of the volcanic field were effusive, valley-filling eruptions of fluid basalt lava, followed by the construction of 3 cinder cones during strombolian-type eruptions and related emplacement of viscous aa lava flows. -> See whole entry
The Four Craters lava field, along with Devils Garden and Squaw Ridge, is the SE-most of a group of 3 basaltic lava fields SE of Newberry volcano in the High Lava Plains of central Oregon.
The Four Craters lava field contains 4 spatter cones along a 4-km-long NW-SE-trending line. The NW-most and highest cone has a well-preserved crater rim. The other 3 cones are breached to the west, SW, and south, respectively. The age of the Four Craters lava field is unknown, but probably similar to that of Squaw Ridge and Devils Garden, i.e. most likely about 10-20,000 years ago.
Fuego, one of Central America's most active volcanoes, is one of three large stratovolcanoes overlooking Guatemala's former capital, Antigua. It typically has strombolian activity and sometimes phases of intense lava fountaining, producing tall ash plumes and dangerous pyroclastic flows. -> See whole entry
Fueguino (Volcán Cook) volcano is the southernmost active volcano of South America's Andes, located on Isla Cook. It is 400 km away from the nearest other active volcano, Monte Burney to the NW.
The volcano consists of lava domes and cinder cones. A strombolian eruption was observed in 1820. -> See whole entry
Pleistocene and Holocene cinder cones and lava flows cover large portions of elongated Fuerteventura Island at the SE end of the Canary Islands. -> See whole entry
Fukue-jima volcano is a group of basaltic shield volcanoes and cinder cones on Fukue island off the western coast of Kyushu, Japan.
The volcanoes are 900,000 years old and last erupted about 2-3000 years ago. They are considered to be active.
The On-dake cinder cone forms the highest point of the volcanic field, which forms peninsulas at the eastern and SE tips of Fukue Island as well as several smaller islands SE of Fukue.
Fukujin volcano is one of the largest seamounts of the Marianas arc in Japan's Volcano Island chain. It sometimes has risen to above surface during eruptions creating temporary new islands. Water discoloration and floating pumice above the submarine volcano have been observed frequently.
Fukutoku-Okanoba is a submarine volcano 5 km NE of the small pyramidal island Minami-iwo-jima in the Japanese Volcano Island chain. Eruptions and submarine hydrothermal activity often cause water discoloration in the area, and during eruptions, the volcano has built several temporary new islands. The first observation of a new island was in 1904-05 when it formed Shin-Iwo-jima ("New Sulfur Island"). Small new islands were also formed during the eruptions in 1914 and 1986. -> See whole entry
Furnas volcano lies at the eastern end of Sao Miguel Island, immediately west of the older Nordeste shield volcano and its Povoaçao caldera. -> See whole entry
Fuss Peak is an isolated andesitic stratovolcano on southern Paramushir Island, Kuril Islands. The volcano rises almost 3000 m from the sea floor and forms a peninsula of Paramushir connected to it by a low isthmus.
The volcano contains a 700 m wide and 300 m deep crater, with a deep gully cutting its NW rim and forming a canyon down to the coast. Fresh-looking lava flows are on the E and SE flanks.
The last confirmed historic activity was in 1854.
Gagak belongs to the Perbakti-Gagak or Kiaraberes-Gagak volcanic complex near Bogor, immediately SW of Salak volcano.
The 3 volcanoes of the group are, from S to N, Gunung Endut (1474 m), Gunung Perbakti (1699 m), and Gunung Gagak (1511 m).
Gunung Gagak lies to the NW of the group and is known for its large pumice and obsidian deposit at the summit, and obsidian lava flows extending to the north and NE.
Galeras is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes. In an eruption in 1993, it killed a group of scientists and tourists who had been inside its crater when it erupted. -> See whole entry
Gallego volcano is a group of eroded cones covering a large part of the NW end of Guadalcanal Island. Mount Esperance, a small but well-preserved andesitic cone is said by to have been active less than 2000 years ago, according to local traditions. It is possible, however that these refer to eruptions of the younger Savo volcano.
Galunggung volcano about 100 km SE of West Java's capital Bandung had its last major eruption in 1982, when ash plumes reached 20 km. -> See whole entry
Gamalama (Peak of Ternate) is a near-perfect conical stratovolcano that forms the entire island of Ternate off the western coast of Halmahera. It is one of Indonesia's most active volcanoes. -> See whole entry
Garbuna volcano at the southern end of the Willaumez Peninsula, New Britain, is part of a basaltic-to-dacitic volcano group consisting of 3 volcanic peaks, Krummel, Garbuna, and Welcker.
Garbuna volcano erupted on 17 October 2005 after having been dormant for almost 1800 years. -> See whole entry
Mt Garibaldi volcano at the head of Howe Sound, 66 km north of Vancouver in SW British Columbia is probably Canada's best-known volcano and part of the active Cascades Range. It is a young stratovolcano capped by a complex of lava domes. Its most recent eruptions occurred at the Opal Cone on the SE flank ca. 8000 years ago and produced the Ring Creek lava flow. -> See whole entry
Garibaldi Lake is a group of 9 small small andesitic stratovolcanoes and basaltic-andesite cones located 70 km north of Vancouverin SW British Columbia, Canada. The most recent eruptions occurred from Clinker Peak probably around 10,000 years ago. -> See whole entry
Garove volcano forms the 12 km long and low Garove Island, the largest of the Witu Island group located 40 miles (65 km) north of New Britain Island in the Bismarck Sea.
Garove volcano has a 5 km wide flooded caldera open to the sea through a narrow breach on the southern side, where it forms Johann Albrecht harbour.
The island has fumarole fields and thermal areas. -> See whole entry
Garua (Talasea) volcano (or Garua Harbour volcano) is a volcanic field on the Willaumez Peninsula in New Britain, Papua New Guinea.
It has abundant geothermal activity with hot springs, large boiling pools, fumaroles, and small geysers, in particular along the shores of Garua Harbour and on the north shore near Pangalu village. Mudpots occur near Talasea on the south shore. -> See whole entry
Gaua is one of the most remote and most active volcanoes of the Vanuatu archipel. Its most recent eruption started in Sep 2009 from Mt Garet inside the caldera lake and is ongoing (as of April 2010). -> See whole entry
The Ghegam Ridge, located in west-central Armenia between the capital city of Yerevan and Lake Sevan, contains a broad concentration of lava domes and pyroclastic cones of Pleistocene-to-Holocene age. -> See whole entry
Mt Giluwe is the highest volcano in Pacific Oceania and considered one of "the 7 volcanic summits" (not Mauna Kea on Hawaii, as many think: Giluwe is 162 m higher).
It is an ancient extinct shield volcano with 2 prominent 400 m high cones forming its summit, called the main peak and the slightly lower eastern peak (4300 m).
Occasionally, the summit receives snow fall. -> See whole entry
Glacier Peak is a stratovolcano in northern Washington and the most remote of the Cascade volcanoes. Its name comes from the 11 glaciers on its flanks.
Although it reaches more than 10,000 feet elevation, the volcanic edifice is only 500-1000 m high, because the volcano's base is located on a high ridge. -> See whole entry
Goat Rocks is the center a deeply eroded, glaciated volcanic center of a volcanic field 30 km (18 miles) north of Mount Adams, Washnington, USA. -> See whole entry
The Golden Trout Creek volcanic field consists of a group of cinder cones and lava flows in the Toowa Toowa valley of the Sierra Nevada, California, about 25 km south of Mount Whitney.
Toowa valley is a broad and open valley about 8600 feet high, dotted with cones rising 100-200 m above the valley floor. 4 volcanic centers have been identified at the Golden Trout Creek volcanic field. -> See whole entry
Golets and Tornyi are 2 pyroclastic cones located SW of Medvezhii on Iturup Island, Kurile Islands, Russia. They occupy one of the narrowest parts of the island.
The age of their last eruptions is unknown, but probably about 10,000 years ago. A lava flow from the andesitic-dacitic Tornyi cone (417 m) is seen inside a glacial depression.
Golets cone itself was constructed above the eroded remnants of the extinct Parusnaya Mountain volcano. Lava flows from Golets reached the coast.
(Source: GVP / Smithsonian volcano information)
Göllü Dağ, a 2143-m-high rhyolitic-to-rhyodacitic lava dome complex in central Anatolia, lies between the Hasan Dağ and Acigöl-Nevsehir volcanic complexes. -> See whole entry
Golovnin volcano (Tomari-yama in Japanese) is the southernmost volcano in the Kurile Islands and forms the southern end of Kunashir Island, located only 33 km across the Nemuro Strait from Hokkaido Island in Japan.
It has a 4x5 km wide caldera with an 1x2.5 km wide lake, active solfataric areas at the northern lake shore and several explosion craters, one of which contains a hot crater lake with reported temperatures ranging between 36-100 degrees C. The lake drains through a narrow gap in the western caldera wall. It is part of a protected reserve and swimming in the lake is prohibited.
The only known historical eruption of Golovnin volcano consisted in a minor explosion in 1848. -> See whole entry
Goodenough (Nidula) Island is a roughly circular volcanic island with 26 km diameter and the westernmost of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands off the NE end of New Guinea. Goodenough volcano contains several young basaltic-andesite and andesitic eruptive centers which may only be a few hundred years old.
At present, there are thermal areas and hot springs in several areas, including 1.5 km north-west of Nou Nou, south-west of Wakala Hill, on the coast east of Bolu Bolu, and 3 km north of Bolu Bolu.
Goodenough Island with its very steep cliffs might be one of the steepest islands in the world. -> See whole entry
Gorely volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in southern Kamchatka and located 75 km SW of Petropavlovsk. It is a complex of several overlapping stratovolcanoes with many summit and flank craters. Activity in historic times were mainly small to medium-sized ash and steam eruptions. -> See whole entry
Goriaschaia Sopka (also spelled Goriaschaya Sopka) is a frequently active volcano on SW Simushir Island, Kurile Islands.
Its active vent is an andesitic lava dome volcano within a large horseshoe-shaped crater cutting the NW flank of what is left of the older Igla Mountain volcano (a somma). Igla Mountain is very close to Milne volcano.
The Sopka dome is probably only about 150 years old. It has erupted many young lava flows with prominent marginal levees. Some of them reached the sea where they created an irregular shoreline.
Observed historical activity were mainly mild to moderate ash explosions and strombolian.
