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Bas Dong Nai (Volcano)

Bas Dong Nai volcano (also known as the Xuan Loc Plateau) is a volcanic field in SE Vietnam, east of Ho Chi Minh city (Saigon). It could be less than 10,000 years old and is the southernmost volcanic area in mainland Vietnam. Suzanna Mount is a well-preserved 180 m high basaltic cone of prehistoric age.

Basalt (Volcanology)

Basalt ist das weltweit verbreitetste Vulkangestein. Es ist arm an Silizium und als Schmelze (Magma, Lava bei einem Ausbruch) sehr fließfähig. Vulkanausbrüche, bei denen basaltisches Magma austritt, produzieren daher vor allem Lavaströme.

Base surge (Volcanology)

Glutförmige, Gas- und Staublawinen, die bei Vulkanausbrüchen entstehen können.

Batu Tara (Volcano)

Batur (Volcano)

Batur is the most active volcano on the popular tourist island of Bali and one of Inondesia's more active ones. During the past centuries, Batur has had a number of small eruptions every few years. Thanks to the scenic beauty of the caldera with its lake and the cone of Batur, it is one of Bali's most popular destinations.

Bayonnaise Rocks (Volcano)

Myojinsho is a large submarine caldera volcano in the Izu Islands arc, ca. 400 km south of Tokyo. Its most well-known feature are the Bayonnaise Rocks (ベヨネース列岩 Beyonēsu-retsugan), which represent a small exposed rim of the caldera composed of a few rocks rising just above sea level.
Myojinsho caldera is 8-9 km wide and has been known for its submarine eruptions which sometimes produce temporary islands. Most of its frequent eruptions have occurred at Myojin-sho, a large young lava dome on the NE rim of the caldera. In 1952, an explosive eruption at Myojin-sho destroyed a Japanese research vessel, killing all 31 people on board.
There is only sparse vegetation on the Bayonnaise Rocks, but the islands are an important resting place for migratory birds. Located in the Kuroshio Current, the waters around have abundant sea life and are popular with sports fishermen.

Bazman (Volcano)

Bazman volcano is a stratovolcano in SE Iran, 180 km SSW of the city of Zahedan. The volcano has a well-preserved 500 m wide summit crater with minor fumaroles, which suggest it could be still active.

Belirang-Beriti (Volcano)

The compound Belerang-Beriti volcano rises above the Semalako Plain in SW Sumatra, forming a NW-SE-trending massif that contains a 1.2-km-wide crater breached to the NE.

Belknap (Volcano)

Belknap Crater volcano is located near McKenzie Pass, north of the Three Sisters volcanoes in Central Oregon. It is the center and source of one of the largest number of geologically recent eruptions in the Cascade Range. It was very active between about 3000 and 1500 years ago.
The McKenzie highway 242 crosses the barren lava fields on the SE flank and offers with spectacular views toward Mt. Jefferson and the Three Sisters volcanoes.

Bentonit (Geology)

Bentonit ist ein Mineralgemisch, das aus verwitterter Vulkanasche entsteht.

Berutarube (Volcano)

Berutarube volcano (also written as Berutarubesan volcano) is an andesitic-to-dacitic stratovolcano on the SW tip of Iturup Island in the southern Kuriles. It has gentle slopes which are deeply eroded by glacial valleys. Funaroles and sufur deposits occur in the inner walls of the central crater.

Besar (Volcano)

Gunung Besar is a 1899-m-high volcano in SE Sumatra with a minor sulfur deposit in its crater.

Bezymianny (Volcano)

Bezymianny ("unnamed") was considered extinct until it erupted violently in 1955-56, after a slumber of probably 1000 years. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka. The eruption followed a massive flank failure (similar to Mt. St. Helens eruption in 1980) which removed a 0.5 sq km sector of the volcano.

Bibinoi (Volcano)

Bibinoi volcano (Bukit Bibinoi, Bibinoi Hill) on the SE tip of Bacan Island is the largest and SE most of 3 volcanoes on the island, located off the south coast of Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Two other, smaller volcanic centres are Songsu and Lansa.
Binibnoi is separated from the Amasing volcanic complex to the NW by the metamorphic (i.e. non volcanic) Sibela Mountain range.

Biliran (Volcano)

Biliran volcano comprises the whole 20x35 km Island of Biliran which is formed by a group of lava domes. It is located across the narrow Biliran Strait from the northern tip of Leyte Island.
Biliran volcano is at the northern end of a 170 km long volcanic chain extending SSE to Panaon Island.
The only known historic activity took place on 26 September 1939 and consisted of a phreatic explosion accompanied possibly by a debris avalanche. Ash fell in Caibiran town 12 km to the E.
There are many fumarole fields, hot springs, mud pools and thermal areas on Biliran.

Billy Mitchell (Volcano)

Billy Mitchell volcano is a small shield volcano, which is composed mainly of loose deposits from explosive eruptions (pyroclastic shield). The volcano is located immediately NE of Bagana volcano in central Bougainville Island.
Billy Mitchell's typical eruption style are explosive eruptions from the central vent, and the volcano is remarkable for having produced some of the largest explosive eruptions in Papua New Guinea in the past 10,000 years.

Bims (Volcanology: Bimsstein)

Bimsstein (Bims) ist ein sehr leichtes, sehr poröses und meist helles Vulkangestein, das entsteht, wenn sehr gashaltige und zähe Lava ausfschäumt und als Schaum erstarrt.
Bims entsteht bei explosiven Eruptionen von meist sehr siliziumreichen ("sauren") Magma. Der Anteil der Gasblasen ist in der Regel so hoch, dass der Bimsstein leichter als Wasser ist und schwimmt.
Als Grundstoff für hochwertige Zemente und isolierende Leichtbausteine ist Bims ein gefragter industrieller Rohstoff.

Bims (Volcano: pumice stone)

Bimsstein (Bims) ist ein sehr leichtes, sehr poröses und meist helles Vulkangestein, das entsteht, wenn sehr gashaltige und zähe Lava ausfschäumt und als Schaum erstarrt.
Bims entsteht bei explosiven Eruptionen von meist sehr siliziumreichen ("sauren") Magma. Der Anteil der Gasblasen ist in der Regel so hoch, dass der Bimsstein leichter als Wasser ist und schwimmt.
Als Grundstoff für hochwertige Zemente und isolierende Leichtbausteine ist Bims ein gefragter industrieller Rohstoff.

Binuluan (Volcano)

Binuluan volcano belongs to the Ambalatungan volcanic group and is located in the Kalinga Province, Luzon Island, Philippines.
A possible steam eruption of Binuluan volcano in 1952 killed 12 people by a sulphur rich debris flow.

Bir Borhut (Volcano)

Bir Borhut volcano is an active, but almost unknown volcano in eastern Yemen near the Gulf of Aden. Old documents tell of volcanic activity in the 10th century, and it was reported to have still been "smoking" in 1813.

Black Rock Desert (Volcano)

The Black Rock Desert volcanic field of a group of small volcanic fields in south central Utah, at the eastern margin of the Great Basin. It is the youngest volcanic area in Utah and contains both Utah's youngest known rhyolite dome (0.4 million years old) and its youngest lava flows, the roughly 660-year-old Ice Springs lava flows, located at Ice Springs, 15 km west of Meadow. These lava flows extend 4 km north and west from Black Rock Station.

Block (Volcanology: (vulkanischer) Block)

Lavablöcke sind verfestigte Fragmente, die größer als 64 mm sind und bei explosiven Vulkanausbrüchen aus Kratern geschleudert werden. Sie können aus älteren, abgekühlten Laven bestehen, die vom z.B. Krater abgerissen wurden.

Blocklava (Volcanology)

Lavastrom, der an der Oberfläche aus großen Blöcken aus verfestigter Lava besteht.

Blue Lake Crater (Volcano)

Blue Lake is a series of at least 3 overlapping explosion craters (maars), located along a NE trend slightly east of the crest of the Cascade Range. The best-known crater, Blue Lake Crater contains a blue lake (800m x 300m) and is probably the youngest. It formed by an eruption about 1300 years ago. It lies immediately west of the popular recreation area of Suttle Lake.

Blup Blup (Volcano)

Blup Blup volcano forms the small, forested 3.5 km wide Blup Blup Island ca. 30 km offshore from Cape Girgir on the East Sepik coastline of New Guinea. The closest town is Karau.
The andesitic-dacitic volcano contains a 800 m diameter summit crater filled by thick rainforest, and possibly a lava dome on a ridge extending to the west. Lava flows with well-developed flow fronts are visible on its flanks. A small flank cone is located on the SW coast.
Most activity took place from the summit crater, but the age of the last eruption is unknown, but probably less than 10,000 years ago.

Bocca Nuova (Volcano)

Bocca Nuova (= die neue Mund) ist der westlichste Gipfel Krater des Vulkans Ätna. Es gegründet wurde 1968 als eine kleine Grube Krater auf Gipfel Kraters Kegels. In den Jahren zugenommen es allmählich in Größe und Tiefe. Die letzten großen Ausbruch Bocca Nuova aufgetreten im Jahr 1999, als Lava gefüllt den Krater und overspilled auf die westliche Flanke des Ätna.

Bogatyr Ridge (Volcano)

Bogatyr Ridge is a stratovolcano on SW Iturup Island, Kuriles, Russia. It consists of a chain of craters and cones and the larger Stokap volcano, astratovolcano aligned NE-SW.
The andesitic Stokap volcano has 8-10 cones and explosion craters. The largest of these contains a lake. Lava flows from Stokap volcano have reached the sea on both sides, the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Okhotsk. There are no known historic eruptions, but the volcano has been active during the Holocene.
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Source: GVP Bogatyr Ridge information

Boisa (Volcano)

Boisa volcano forms a tiny island offshore from Bogia on the Madang coast. There are no known historical eruptions from Boisa volcano.
It is located only 10 km NW of Manam volcano, and it is a possible that Boisa belongs to the same volcanic edifice and is supplied by the same magma chamber,- in other words, really is a side vent of Manam rather than a separate volcano.

Bola (Volcano)

Bola volcano (or Mt. Wangore) is a symmetrical steep stratovolcano that forms the highest point on the Willaumez Peninsula in New Britain.
There are no known recent eruptions, but the fresh morphology of the summit crater suggests that the last activity was only a few hundred years ago.

Bombalai (Volcano)

Bombalai volcano in north east Borneo is the only volcano considered still possibly active of Malaysia, although its last eruptions might have been thousands of years ago.
It is located close to the border with Indonesia, in the Malaysian province of Sabah, across Cowie Harbor from the the Indonesian province of Kalimantan.
Bombalai cinder cone is part of a large volcanic field on the Semporna Peninsula in the NE of Borneo. Bombalai has a 300 m wide crater breached to the south and 2 young lava flows extending almost to the coast.

Bombe (Volcanology: vulkanische Bombe)

Ausgeworfene Fragmente frischer Lava, die größer als 64 mm sind und oft in ihrem Flug eine aerodynamische Form erhalten haben.

Bosavi (Volcano)

Mount Bosavi is an extinct volcano in a remote part of the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. Mount Bosavi is actually the collapsed cone of an extinct volcano on the Great Papuan Plateau, part of the Kikori River basin. Its caldera is approximately 4 km wide and 1 km deep. Bosavi is home to a number of unique species.
The volcano is partly located in the Sulamesi Wildlife Management Area, which was declared in 2006. The mountain with its deep crater are so inaccessible that even the few local people in the Kasua tribe who live in nearby villages rarely visit the area.

Bratan (Volcano)

Bratan is a large caldera of unknown age in north-central Bali, Indonesia. It measures 11 x 6 km and contains 3 lakes - Danau Tamblimgam, Danau Buyan, and Danau Bratan. The area is know of its scenic beauty and hot springs.

Brennisteinsfjöll (Volcano)

Bridge River Cones (Volcano)

The Bridge River Cones are a field of small basaltic cinder cones in SW British Columbia, Canda. The youngest activity from this volcanic area could be less than 1500 years old.

Broken Top (Volcano)

Broken Top in the Three Sisters Wilderness, Oregon, is, as the name suggests, the heavily eroded top of a probably extinct stratovolcano.

Bromo (Volcano)

Mt. Bromo volcano in East Java is the active cone inside the giant Tengger caldera, one of Indonesia's most scenic locations destination in East Java, famous for its magnificient sunrise views and the panorama over the caldera with Semeru volcano in the background.

Brotkrustenbombe (Volcanology)

Vulkanische Bombe, die durch die Abkühlung Risse bekam, die einem Bauernbrot ähneln.

Brushy Butte (Volcano)

Brushy Butte is a small, poorly studied shield volcano immediately east of Timbered Crater maar, and south-southeast of the Medicine Lake Highlands in northern California, USA.

Bukit Daun (Volcano)

Located in a sparsely populated region of Sumatra, Bukit Daun forms a twin volcano with Gedang volcano.

Bukit Lumut Balai (Volcano)

Bukit Lumut Balai is a heavily eroded volcano consisting of three eruption centers, two on Bukit Lumut and one on the NE side of Bukit Balai, 5 km to the east. Large lava flows occur on the north side of Bukit Balai.

Bulusan (Volcano)

Bulusan, one of the most active volcanoes in the Philippines, is Luzon's southernmost volcano. It lies at the SE end of the Bicol volcanic arc occupying the peninsula of the same name that forms the elongated SE tip of Luzon island.

Buru (Volcano)

Buru volcano is a partly preserved cinder cone which rises 250 m above the surrounding swamps. it is located SW of Pago and SE of Oto.
The volcano is named after the Buru river on the south side of the volcano. To the north is a swampy depression called the Buru caldera.

Cabalian (Volcano)

Mount Cabalían volcano is located on the SE tip of Leyte Island, Philippines. It is is an andesitic stratovolcano with steep radial erosion valleys and ridges that are moderately to thickly vegetated.
It contains a summit crater filled by a lake. The crater rim is irregular and forms 2 peaks on the S side. A recent pyroclastic flow deposit was radiocarbon dated to be only about 150 years old. Hot springs with temperatures of up to 64 deg C are found on the east and west flanks of Cabalían.

Caburgua-Huelemolle (Volcano)

Caburgua-Huelemolle volcano is a group of 4 cinder basaltic cones in central Chile: Volcanoes de Caburgua and Volcán Huelemolle, Volcán Redondo and Volcán Pichares.

Cagua (Volcano)

Cagua is an active stratovolcano at the NE tip of northern Luzon Island, Philippines. It has a circular summit crater of 1.5 km diameter, with steep, 60-m-high walls, and is locally known as the "Fire Mountain". The volcano might have erupted in 1907, when strong fumarole activity was noted. A phreatic explosion in 1860 may have generated pyroclastic flows.
At present, there are thermal areas near the summit crater and on the NW and NNE flanks.

Caichinque (Volcano)

Caichinque volcano is a relatively small volcanic complex in northern Chile. It devides Salar Capur from Salar Talar. There are more than 6 vents that have erupted andesitic-to-dacitic lava flows. The youngest of these are found on the NE and SE sides of the Cainque stratovolcano, including one that traveled 6 km to the east and formed 2 lobes into the Salar Talar. The age of the flows is unknown and estimated between pre-historical times and Pleistocene.

Calabozos (Volcano)

Calabozos volcano in central Chile is a complex containing a large 26x14 km wide caldera, Cerro del Medio volcano at the south of the caldera, and 4 cinder cones of Descabezado Chico on the western caldera rim.
The caldera was formed by repeated massive (super-volcano) eruptions 800,000, 300,000 and 150,000 years ago, each of which deposited hundreds of cubic kilometer of ash flows.

Calbuco (Volcano)

Calbuco volcano, along with its neighbor Osorno, is one of Chile's most active volcanoes. It is located 11 km south of Lake Llanquihué and 30 km NE of the town of Puerto Mont in the Lake District in southern Chile.
Calbuco volcano consists mainly of blocky aa lava flows and tephra layers, and its summit is truncated by a 400-500 m wide summit crater. Debris avalanches from Calbuco have reached Lake Llanquihue.
One of the largest historical eruptions in southern Chile took place from Calbuco in 1893-1894. It ended with the formation of a lava dome in the summit crater. Later eruptions have enlarged the lava-dome complex.

Caldera del Atuel (Volcano)

The large 30x45 km wide Caldera del Atuel is located in western Argentina just east of the Argentina-Chile border and 18 km SSW of the rim of Diamante caldera.