Volcans en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) (6)

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Éruptions volcaniques importantes: République démocratique du Congo (RDC)

In historic times, at least 3 volcanoes have been active en République démocratique du Congo (RDC), including Nyamuragira, Nyiragongo et Visoke volcanoes. A total of 66 eruptions have been witnessed and documented since 1865.
The table below lists the most recent volcanic eruptions, significant eruptive episodes or related events en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) since 1900.

Date	Volcan	VEI	Région	Morts	Dommages
2018 Avr 18 - en cours	Nyamuragira Summit caldera	0	DRCongo		inconnu
2002 Mai 17 ? - en cours	Nyiragongo	2	DRCongo		inconnu
2021 Mai 22 (éruption 2002 Mai 17 ? - en cours)	Nyiragongo	2	DRCongo	32	lourd	Infos
2021 Mai 22: Initial reports on 23 May 2021 reported 15 fatalities that included deaths from road accidents during an evacuation of Goma and its surroundings, and include four deaths that happened during an attempted prisoner escape at Munzenze. Two of the dead were overcome by fire and lava that coursed into some 17 villages but stopped short of the border city of Goma. According to Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) estimates, six-hundred homes around Goma had been destroyed and five schools flattened. (Reference #12942, Reference #12943) On 26 May 2021, the death toll was increased to 32 with at least 2,500 homes destroyed by sudden lava flows. (Reference #12945) While 32 persons are feared dead, at least 400,000 people are currently internally displaced in DRC while 7,000 persons have fled to Rwanda as refugees. Five schools and several health infrastructure were destroyed by the lava. It is reported that at least 5,000 households have lost their homes and property. (Reference #12962) Cited references #2432 Venzke, E., R.W. Wunderman, L. McClelland, T. Simkin, J.F. Luhr, L. Siebert, and G. Mayberry (eds.) (2002-): Global Volcanism, 1968 to the Present. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-4 (http://www.volcano.si.edu/reports/). #10953 Siebert, Lee, Tom Simkin, Paul Kimberly (2010): Volcanoes of the World, Third Edition, Geoscience Press, Inc., University of California Press, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 551 p. #12942 Africa Times (2021): At least 15 dead after Mount Nyiragongo volcano eruption. Published 23 May 2021. Updated at 11:47am. Link #12943 CNN (2021): 8,000 people cross from the Democratic Republic of Congo into Rwanda following volcano eruption. Published 24 May 2021. Link #12945 Africa Times (2021): DRC volcano toll reaches 32, quakes shake neighboring Rwanda. Published 26 May 2021. Updated at 12:39pm. Link #12962 ACT Alliance (2021): Rapid Response Fund: Response to volcano eruption in Goma. No. 9. Link Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
2016 Nov 27 - 2017 Mai 2	Nyamuragira Summit crater	0	DRCongo		inconnu
2014 Jun 22 - 2016 Mai 14	Nyamuragira Summit crater	0	DRCongo		inconnu
2011 Nov 6 - 2012 Mar 16 ?	Nyamuragira NW flank	2	DRCongo		inconnu
2010 Jan 2 - Jan 29	Nyamuragira Summit caldera and SSE flank	1?	DRCongo		inconnu
2006 Nov 27 - Déc 5 ?	Nyamuragira South flank	2	DRCongo		inconnu
2004 Mai 8 - Mai 28 ±3 d.	Nyamuragira Summit and NNW flank	2?	DRCongo		inconnu
2002 Jul 25 - Sep 16 ±15 d.	Nyamuragira Summit caldera, north & south flanks	2?	DRCongo		inconnu
2002 Jan 17 - Fév 3 ou plus tard	Nyiragongo South flank (2800-1570 m), summit crater	1	DRCongo		inconnu
2002 Jan 17 (éruption 2002 Jan 17 - Fév 3 ou plus tard)	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo	100	lourd	Infos
2002 Jan 17: A major eruption began on January 17, 2002. The eruption caused lava flows that moved directly into the city of Goma and continued to Lake Kivu. Reports indicate that flows destroyed 25-75% of the city, including 10,000 homes. Approximately 45 people died as a direct result of the burning of homes. An additional 50-100 people were said to have died when hot lava caused a gas station to explode on January 21. Press accounts indicated that volcanologists tentatively suggested that Nyiragongo's volcanism was due to seismicity producing fissures up to several km in length along the E African rift, allowing magma to reach the surface. Cited references #2432 Venzke, E., R.W. Wunderman, L. McClelland, T. Simkin, J.F. Luhr, L. Siebert, and G. Mayberry (eds.) (2002-): Global Volcanism, 1968 to the Present. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-4 (http://www.volcano.si.edu/reports/). Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
2001 Fév 6 - Avr 5 ±4 d.	Nyamuragira North and SSE flanks	2?	DRCongo		inconnu
2000 Jan 27 - Fév 10 ou plus tard	Nyamuragira SE flank (Ngerageze)	2?	DRCongo		inconnu
1998 Oct 17 - Oct 25 ou plus tard	Nyamuragira	2?	DRCongo		inconnu
1996 Déc 1 - Déc 5 ou plus tard	Nyamuragira	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1994 Jun 23 - 1996 Mar 16 ±15 d.	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1994 Jul 4 - Août 25 ou plus tard	Nyamuragira West flank (Kimera) and summit	2?	DRCongo		inconnu
1991 Sep 20 - 1993 Fév 8	Nyamuragira NE flank 1530 m (Mikombe)	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1989 Avr 24 - Août 15 ±5 d.	Nyamuragira Summit, SE and East flank	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1987 Déc 30 - 1988 Jan 4	Nyamuragira North Flank (Gafuranindi)	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1986 Jul 16 - Août 20	Nyamuragira South flank (near Kitazungurwa)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1984 Fév 23 - Mar 14	Nyamuragira NW flank (Kivandimwe)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1982 Jun 21 - Oct 17 ±15 d.	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1981 Déc 25 - 1982 Jan 14	Nyamuragira SE flank (Rugarambiro)	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1980 Jan 30 - Fév 24	Nyamuragira North flank (Gasenyi)	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1976 Déc 23 - 1977 Jun 15 ±5 d.	Nyamuragira SSW flank (Murara and Harakandi)	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1927 Mar 16 ±15 d. - 1977 Jan 10	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1977 Jan 10	Nyiragongo North, south, and west flanks	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1977 Jan 10	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo	50-100 (*)	lourd	Infos
Extremely fluid, fast-moving lava flows draining from lava lake killed numbers variously estimated at none to 2,000 persons. Best estimate seems to be 50 to 100. Several villages destroyed. Cited references #1412 Simkin, Tom, and Lee Siebert with the collaboration of Russell Blong, Jonathan Dehn, Christopher Newhall, Roland Pool, and Thomas C. Stein (1994): Volcanoes of the World, Second Edition, A Regional Directory, Gazetteer, and Chronology of Volcanism During the Last 10,000 Years, Geoscience Press, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, in association with Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program, Washington, D.C., p. 164-176. Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
1971 Mar 24 - Mai 5 ±4 d.	Nyamuragira WNW flank (Rugarama)	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1967 Avr 23 - Mai 9	Nyamuragira North flank (Gakararanga)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1958 Août 7 - Nov 21	Nyamuragira North flank (Kitsimbanyi), NNW rift	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1957 Déc 28	Nyamuragira Summit caldera and SSE fissure zone	0	DRCongo		inconnu
1957 Août 1 - Août 3	Visoke 11 km north of summit (Mugogo)	1	DR Congo/Rwanda		inconnu
1956 Nov 17 - Nov 18	Nyamuragira Summit caldera and NNW fissure zone	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1954 Fév 21 - Mai 28	Nyamuragira SSE fissure zone (Mihaga)	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1951 Nov 16 - 1952 Jan 16	Nyamuragira NNW fissure zone (Shabubembe-Ndakaza)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1951 Jul 25 - Jul 28	Nyamuragira SW flank (Gituro)	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1948 Mar 1 - Jul 15 ±5 d.	Nyamuragira SW flank (Gituro, Muhuboli), N flank	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1938 Jan 28 - 1940 Jun 25 ±5 d.	Nyamuragira Summit, SE and SW flanks (Tshambene)	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1938 Jan 28 (éruption 1938 Jan 28 - 1940 Jun 25 ±5 d.)	Nyamuragira	1	DRCongo		léger	Infos
1938 Jan 28: A lava lake in the summit crater, active since at least 1921, drained in 1938 during a major flank eruption. The lava flows from the eruption set hundreds of square kilometers of forest on fire destroying arable land. The flows were said to have reached Lake Kivu and the contrast between the lava and the water generated mini tsunamis. Cited references #2432 Venzke, E., R.W. Wunderman, L. McClelland, T. Simkin, J.F. Luhr, L. Siebert, and G. Mayberry (eds.) (2002-): Global Volcanism, 1968 to the Present. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-4 (http://www.volcano.si.edu/reports/). Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
1921 - 1938 Jan 17 ±3 d.	Nyamuragira Caldera	0	DRCongo		inconnu
1920 - 1921	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1920	Nyamuragira SSW flank (Lake Kivu)	0	DRCongo		inconnu
1918	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1912 Déc 3 - 1913 Avr	Nyamuragira SW flank (Rumoka), and summit	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1912 Déc 3 (éruption 1912 Déc 3 - 1913 Avr)	Nyamuragira	3	DRCongo	20	inconnu	Infos
1912 Déc 3: 20 villagers were killed when a lava flow changed directions. Cited references #1412 Simkin, Tom, and Lee Siebert with the collaboration of Russell Blong, Jonathan Dehn, Christopher Newhall, Roland Pool, and Thomas C. Stein (1994): Volcanoes of the World, Second Edition, A Regional Directory, Gazetteer, and Chronology of Volcanism During the Last 10,000 Years, Geoscience Press, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, in association with Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program, Washington, D.C., p. 164-176. Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
1911 Août - Oct	Nyiragongo Southern pit	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1909 Mai	Nyamuragira Summit caldera	1?	DRCongo		inconnu
1907 Nov 7 - Déc 5	Nyamuragira Summit caldera	3	DRCongo		inconnu
1908	Nyamuragira Summit caldera	?	DRCongo		inconnu
1907 Avr - Mai	Nyamuragira Summit caldera	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1906	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1905 Jul 22 - Sep 25 ou plus tard	Nyamuragira East flank (Kanamaharagi)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1905	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1904 Avr - Mai 16 ?	Nyamuragira SW flank (Nahimbi)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1902 Avr 22 ?	Nyamuragira SSE fissure zone	0	DRCongo		inconnu
1902	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1901	Nyamuragira East flank (Singiro)	2	DRCongo		inconnu
1901	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu
1900	Nyiragongo	1	DRCongo		inconnu

(*) Chiffres estimés

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Remark:

Our list of volcanic eruptions closely follows the database of eruptions of the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Project (GVP), the internationally most recognized data source for volcanic eruptions, but also includes significant eruptive episodes or related volcano events. "Volcanic eruptions" are usually to be understood as sequences of individual eruptive episodes that can follow each other, or even overlap (if several vents are involved), and can last many years, decades or even longer. For example, the current activity of Stromboli volcano is understood as a single eruption that has been ongoing since 1934.

Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | Global Volcanism Project / Smithsonian Institution

République démocratique du Congo (RDC) FAQ

+When was the last volcanic eruption en République démocratique du Congo (RDC)?

The last volcanic eruption en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) was from Nyamuragira volcano. It began in 2018 and is continuing (as of April 2025).

+When was the first documented volcanic eruption en République démocratique du Congo (RDC)?

The first historically documented eruption occurred 1865 from Nyamuragira volcano.

+How often do volcanoes en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) erupt?

Volcanoes en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) erupt almost every year. Since the first historically documented eruption 1865en République démocratique du Congo (RDC), historic sources have shown nearly continuous volcanic activity: The Global Volcanism Project counts 66 historic eruptions until now, spanning a total of 119 out of 160 years. In other words, a volcano en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) is active roughly every one in 1.3 years on average. This value is likely underestimated, because the record of historically documented activity is likely inclomplete the further back in time we look.

+How active are the volcanoes en République démocratique du Congo (RDC)?

République démocratique du Congo (RDC) is volcanically extremely active: Since 1900, at least 3 volcanoes en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) have been active. Almost every year, at least one volcano has erupted en République démocratique du Congo (RDC). The latest eruption from Nyamuragira volcano volcano is still continuing at present.

+When was the largest volcanic eruption en République démocratique du Congo (RDC)?

The largest eruption en République démocratique du Congo (RDC) in historic times was from Nyamuragira volcano. It occurred in 1996. It ranks as a "vulcanian" eruption with a magnitude 3 on the VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index) scale.

Liste des volcans

Karisimbi

(Stratovolcano 4507 m / 14,787 ft)

Karisimbi volcano with snow cover seen from the rim of Nyiragongo

Karisimbi is the highest of the Virunga volcanoes in Central Africa in the border region of Rwanda and DR Congo. It is the 11th highest mountain of Africa and currently in a dormant stage. There are no confirmed historical eruptions.
Its name stems from word "amasimbi" in l... [plus d'info]

May-ya-moto

(Fumarole field 950 m / 3,117 ft)

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Nyamuragira

(Shield volcano 3058 m / 10,033 ft)

Eruption of Nyamuragira volcano from the Kimanura east vent in mid January 2012

Nyamuragira (also spelled Nyamulagira) is a large shield volcano similar to Mauna Loa on Hawai'i and is one of Africa's most active volcanoes. Every few years, it produces eruptions often from radial fissures emitting lava fountains and large, fluid lava flows traveling many kilo... [plus d'info]

Nyiragongo

(Stratovolcano 3470 m / 11,384 ft)

The lava lake of Nyiragongo volcano

Nyiragongo (also spelled Niragongo), one of the world's most beautiful and active volcanoes, is a large stratovolcano near Lake Kivu at the eastern border of DRCongo with Rwanda in the Virunga National Park.
It has a 1.2 km diameter summit caldera containing the world's mo... [plus d'info]

Tshibinda

(Cinder cones 1460+ m / 4,790 ft)

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Visoke

(Stratovolcano 3711 m / 12,175 ft)

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Actualités

jeu., 3 avril 2025, 02:00

Nyamulagira volcano (DR Congo) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 19 March-25 March 2025 (Continuing Activity)

Satellite images acquired on 17 and 22 March showed continuing activity at Nyamuragira. A bright thermal anomaly just NE of the central part of the summit crater was visible in both images, along with surrounding elevated temperatures on the E half of the crater floor, likely from lava flows. Although weather and volcanic gas plumes obscured most of the W flank, a small incandescent spot from an active lava flow on the upper W flank was visible in the 17 March image. ... Tout lire

mer., 2 avril 2025, 22:00