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After a period of 5 years of relative calm, seismic activity started to increase again in March and April 2006. With the still fresh memory of the deadly 1994 eruption in mind, authorities started to prepare to evacuate 10,000 people living in the immediate surroundings of the volcano and closed the mountain - a popular destination for excursion for students and tourists - on 10 April. An 8 km exclusion zone was placed around the volcano.
On 25 April, large rockfalls could be heard from several kilometer distance and it became apparent that a new lava dome had started to grow. Evacuation efforts were accelerated and on 27 April, about 2000 people were evacuated from villages on the SW flank.
The new lava dome and incandescent rockfalls increased through the end of April and early May, when the lava dome started to shed small rockfalls also onto the SE flank. Avalanches of incandescent material and small pyroclastic flows reached 1-2 km towards the Krakask valley on the SW and minor rockfalls into the Gendol River to the SE.
4,500 people were evacuated from the S and SE flanks on 13 May. Pyroclastic flows became more and more frequent and reached up 4 km to the SW. By 16 May, over 22,000 people had been evacuated.
After the 27 May earthquake, activity seemed to increased by a factor of 3. On 8 June, scientists estimated the effusion rate of the growing lava dome 100,000 cubic meters per day and the volume of the new dome as 4 million cubic meters. The same day, one of the largest pyroclastic flows from the eruption reached 5 km distance to the SE into the Gendol river. In early June, the SE side had become the predominant direction of pyroclastic flows, after the growing dome had breached and destroyed a section of an older lava dome initially shielding the S and SE upper flanks.
On 14 June a large dome collapse event lasting 3.5 hours started, shedding pyroclastic flows reaching 7 km SE. Two volunteers of a search-and-rescue team assisting the evacuation efforts could were trapped in an underground concrete shelter in Kaliadem village, where they died burned to death by the hot gasses of the pyroclastic flow that covered it with a 1 meter deposit.
After mid June, pyroclastic flows and rockfalls decreased in frequency and intensity and the eruption died out in Aug-Sep 2006.

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A new eruption started around 14h00 on 16 July 1994, when an explosion and pyroclastic flow was triggered following a period of strong inflation. The eruption started to built a lava dome and peaked in November.
Particularly powerful pyroclastic flows on 22 November killed at least 41 people on the SSW flank, despite the fact that the population living in the affected areas had been warned constantly about the risk during the preceding months.
The glowing avalanche on 22 November was triggered by collapse of the active summit dome producing pyroclastic block-and-ash flows and glowing surges that traveled SSW up to 7.5 km from the summit. By 28 November, 41 people had died and another 43 were at hospitals in serious condition. All of the victims lived near the banks of the Boyong River on Marapi's S flank. (Source: GVP)

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A new eruption began on 20 January 1992 when glowing rockfalls were first seen and a new lava dome started to grow in the SW section of the summit crater. Around midnight of 21 January 1992 an ash explosion occured. Pyroclastic flows increased through the end of January and peaked on 2 February, when 33 flows extending up to 4 km to the SW occured. Activity declined in mid February.
During the rest of 1992, the lava dome continued to grow at lower rates and produced intermittend glowing rockfalls and smaller pyroclastic flows. Activity resumed again a higher intensity Dec 1992-Feb 1993. Some rockfall avalanches flowed into the Bedog and Boyong rivers on the S flank. On 3 February, the longest pyroclastic flow of this period travelled 4 km WNW down the Senowo and Sat rivers on the SSW flank. After March 1993, activity decreased to low levels.