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Golden Trout Creek вулкан

Обновленный: 22 мар 2023 22:55 GMT -
Вулканическое поле 2886 m / 9,468 ft
Калифорния (Канада и США (материк)), 36.36°N / -118.32°W
Текущее состояние: normal or dormant (1 из 5)

The Golden Trout Creek volcanic field consists of a group of cinder cones and lava flows in the Toowa Toowa valley of the Sierra Nevada, California, about 25 km south of Mount Whitney.
Toowa valley is a broad and open valley about 8600 feet high, dotted with cones rising 100-200 m above the valley floor. 4 volcanic centers have been identified at the Golden Trout Creek volcanic field.

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Типичный извержения стиль: ВЗРЫВООПАСНЫЕ
Golden Trout Creek Вулкан-извержения: 5550 BC ± 1000 years

Latest nearby earthquakes

ВремяМагнитуда / ГлубинаРасстояние/Местоположение
Вторник, 21 марта 2023 GMT (2 земл.)
21 мар 2023 09:42 (GMT -7) (21 мар 2023 16:42 GMT)
1.7

4.1 km
35 km (22 mi)
13km NW of Coso Junction, CA
21 мар 2023 09:14 (GMT -7) (21 мар 2023 16:14 GMT)
1.3

2.8 km
35 km (22 mi)
13km NW of Coso Junction, CA
Пятница, 17 марта 2023 GMT (1 земл.)
17 мар 2023 14:55 (GMT -7) (17 мар 2023 21:55 GMT)
1.7

0.7 km
29 km (18 mi)
89 km к востоку от Porterville, Туларе County, Калифорния, Соединенные Штаты
Воскресенье, 12 марта 2023 GMT (1 земл.)
12 мар 2023 07:46 (GMT -7) (12 мар 2023 14:46 GMT)
1.7

3.1 km
31 km (19 mi)
15km SSW of Olancha, CA

Справочная информация

Lava flows from the Golden Trout Creek volcanic field erupted through Mesozoic granitic rocks of the Sierra Nevada batholith during several episodes dating back to about 743,000 years ago, when the Little Whitney cinder cone and lava flows were erupted. The South Fork cone was erupted about 176,000 years ago and produced the largest lava flow of the volcanic field, which traveled 10 km to the west, possibly as far as the floor of Kern Canyon. Tunnel cone to the north of South Fork (Red Hill) cone is undated, but its lava flow is overlain by glacial deposits and it is thought to be only slightly younger than South Fork cone. The youngest lava flow, from Groundhog cone, is unglaciated and thought to be about 5-10,000 years old (Moore and Lanphere 1983). The lava flow from Groundhog cone traveled 6 km west down Golden Trout Creek on top of the older flow from South Fork cone.
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Source: GVP Golden Creek volcano information

2009 earthquakes
On 3 October 2009, a series of earthquakes up to magnitude 5.2 occurred on the eastern edge of the Golden Trout Creek volcanic field.

Tunnel volcanic center
3 phases of eruptive activity occurred at the Tunnel volcanic centre. A small cinder cone about 15 m high was constructed on a low ridge of quartz. Olivine-rich basalt erupted from the central vent adjacent to the quartz ridge and flowed over the low rim of the crater to the north and south, forming layers of porous basalt flows rich in gas bubbles and 3 m thick.

South Fork volcanic center
3 eruptive phases occurred at the South Fork volcanic center. Vesicular basalt flows, 3 m thick, were erupted to the west and southwest from the base of South Fork cone, west along Golden Trout Creek. These flows disappear under overlapping younger lavas from the Groundhog Center. Strombolian activity built a cinder cone, known as the South Fork Cone. The cone is 200 m above the present river. South Fork cone is breached on the north side.

Groundhog volcanic center
5 eruptive phases have been recognized at at Groundhog volcanic center:

1) In the first phase highly fluid basaltic magma was erupted from vents near the present western base of Groundhog cone. These flowed to the west along the north side of the valley of Golden Trout Creek and diverted the river. The lava flows filled a 270 m deep gorge at the junction with Kern Canyon almost completely.
2) The second phase were lava fountain eruptions from fissures on the south side of Toowa Valley.
3) The third phase of eruptions from the Groundhog center were black basaltic aa lava flows covering nearly 3 square miles of Toowa Valley. The eruptive vents were arranged in a circle around the Groundhog cinder cone.
4) The fourth phase of volcanic activity were lava fountains that built the 270 m high Groundhog cone itself, composed of scoria, ash and bombs. Spindle bombs of up to 2 m in diameter can be found from this eruption.
5) The last eruption of the Groundhog volcanic center erupted a single olivine-rich basalt lava flow, which erupted from the central vent inside the crater and flowed north through the breach.
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Source: R.W. Webb, Volcanic Geology of Toowa Valley, Southern Sierra Nevada, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin, April 1950, v. 61, p. 349-357

Little Whitney volcanic center
5 eruptive phases have been identified at Little Whitney volcanic center:

1) The first eruptions erupted a large basaltic lava flow, about 7 m thick, from fissures northeast of the present cinder cone. The lava flow reached 100 m from the vent and displaced a small river to the east.
2) During the second phase of activity, a large basalt flow was erupted.
3) The third phase built a small basaltic cinder cone on a bedrock ridge, extending southeast across the head of Little Whitney Meadow.
4) In the 4th phase, a smaller inner cone of scoria was built.
5) The last phase consisted of extrusion of a small basaltic lava flow from a breach in the souther wall of the outer cone. The flow reached about 50 m distance.

See also: Sentinel hub | Landsat 8 | NASA FIRMS

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