Sakurajima Volcano

Updated: 9 déc.. 2024 03:24 GMT - refresh

stratovolcano 1117 m / 3,665 ft
Kyushu, Japan, 31.59°N / 130.66°E
Condition actuelle: en éruption (4 sur 5)

Last update: 4 déc. 2024 (Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report)

Sakurajima (also spelled Sakurashima or Sakura-jima, 桜島 in Japanese) volcano in southern Kyushu is one of the most active volcanoes in the world, and one of the few that are at present in constant (persistant) activity. Its ongoing typical activity range from strong strombolian to large ash explosions every 4-24 hours.
The volcano is the historically active center of the larger complex of the Aira caldera volcano. Located across Kagoshima Bay, which separates the city and the volcano by 4.2 km of water, its summit is only 8 km east of the city of Kagoshima with a population of half a million. Sakurajima's eruptive history has been recorded since the 8th century. It frequently deposits ash on Kagoshima. Due to its explosive potential, it is considered a very dangerous volcano and closely monitored.
The largest historical eruptions of Sakurajima took place during 1471-76 and in 1914.

[smaller] [larger]

Style éruptif tipique: Explosive
Eruptions du volcan Sakurajima: 1955-ongoing, 1954(?), 1950, 1948, 1946, 1942, 1941, 1940, 1939, 1938, 1935, 1914-15, 1899(?), 1860, 1799, 1797, 1794, 1792, 1791, 1790, 1785, 1783, 1782, 1779-81, 1756, 1749, 1742, 1706, 1678, 1670(?), 1642, 1478, 1471-76, 1468, 778, 766, 764, 716-18, 712(?), 708

Derniers séismes proches

Time	Mag. / Depth	Distance / Location
28 nov. 18:04 (GMT +9)	0.5 9.4 km	14 km au sud-ouest	Japan: SATSUMA PENINSULA REGION	Info

Voir tous

Introduction

Sakurajima's present day volcano is a new volcanic cone inside the 17 x 23 km wide Aira caldera forming the northern half of Kagoshima Bay. The caldera formed around 22,000 years ago during a Plinian eruption that produced large pyroclastic flows.
Around 13,000 years ago, another smaller caldera, the so-called Wakamiko caldera was formed in the NE corner of the Aira caldera and was partially filled by volcanic cones. One of the new vents in this caldera eventually became present-day Sakura-jima located on the southern rim of Aira caldera. Sakurajima's early activity took place mainly at the Kita-dake summit cone until about 4850 years ago, after which its vent shifted to Minami-dake. The construction of Sakurajima formed a new island that was joined to the Osumi Peninsula during the major explosive and effusive eruption of 1914.
External link: Living in the Shade of Sakurajima—The Most Active Volcano in Japan (medium.com)

Sakurajima Volcano Photos

Puissante explosion strombolienne du volcan Sakurajima, Japon, à 13h48 UTC le 27 septembre 2013 (22h48 heure locale) (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)

Foudre dans une colonne d'éruption suite à une explosion du volcan Sakurajima, Japon (2013) (Photo: Martin Rietze)

Sakurajima, Japon, juillet 2013 : la plus grande explosion observée de près s'est produite à 23h33 (14h33 UTC) - bien que l'éruption n'ait pas été mentionnée dans le VVAC...

La même éruption, deux minutes après le départ, continue toujours avec force, avec de nombreux éclairs et des fontaines de lave et de cendres. Volcan Sakurajima, Japon, 2...

More photos

Eruptions du volcan Sakurajima

2006-2010 Activity: moderate explosions at 1-5 days intervals
Moderate explosions with typical plume heights of around 2 km occured every 1-5 days during most of 2006-10. In 2009, a slight increase of activity was observed. Plume heights of explosions reached a maximum of 5 km altitude (4 km height). ...plus d'info

4 June 2006: first eruption outside the summit crater in 58 years
On 4 June 2006, Sakurajima erupted from a small vent outside the summit crater, near or within the crater which erupted the 1946 (Showa) lava flow on the E slope of Minami-dake summit. The eruption continued intermittently until the next morning.

Activity in 2000-2005
Sakurajima returned to low to medium levels of activity, with 150-200 eruptions per year. Occasional stronger explosions, such as on 7 October 2000, caused eruption columns as tall as 5 km above the crater, abundant ash falls, and damage windshields to cars.

Oct - Dec 1999 eruptions
Vigorous activity began in October 1999, marked by lava fountains and large large amounts of ejected ballistic bombs, blocks and lapilli falling as far as 4 km from the crater. ...plus d'info

Activity in the 1990s
Compared to the 1980s, activity remained at lower levels at Sakurajima in the 1990, with explosions often occurring only at intervals of several days. Long pauses in explosive activity characterize the year 1995. ...plus d'info

Activity in the 1980s
Explosions continue to occur typically one per day or two. Between 1985 and 1987, the activity produces particularly violent eruptions, peaking in November with 3 powerful explosions that cause much damage to cars and houses by impacting volcanic bombs. ...plus d'info

Activity in the 1970s
Sarkurajima's activity was characterized by typically one explosion per day. THe largest eruptions produced plumes up to 4 km high, and on several occasions, landing aircraft at Kagoshima airport were damaged when flying through ash.
The eruptions caused no fatalities, but damaged cars, windows and crops in the immediate area around the volcano. ...plus d'info

Latest satellite images

See also: Sentinel hub | Landsat 8 | NASA FIRMS

Derniers images satellite

Sakurajima Volcano Tours

Kyushu (Japon)

Spécial Volcan Sakurajima

Expédition de 5 jours pour observer de près l'activité du volcan Sakurajima, Japon

Plus d'info

5 jours / 4 nuits - Facile
Prix on request

pas de groupe programmé pour le moment

Sakurajima Volcano Maps

Below is a selection of maps showing the location and surroundings of the volcano at various resolutions based on aerial-imagery / terrain maps. Feel free to use them for non-commercial purposes on your blog or website as long as you credit them with a link back to this page (click to copy it).