Bromo

News

Bromo volcano (East Java, Indonesia): alert level increased to yellow

Wednesday, Oct 03, 2012

A sharp increase in volcanic tremor recorded this morning at Bromo volcano prompted the Indonesian Volcanological Survey to raise the alert level for the volcano from 1 (normal) to 2 (unrest) on a scale of 1-4. ... [more]

Bromo volcano (East Java, Indonesia) activity update: normal steaming, alert lowered to normal (1 out of 4)

Thursday, Apr 05, 2012

During the past weeks, only white plumes were seen at Bromo rosing to about 50 m above the crater and seismicity declined. On 30 March the Alert Level was lowered back to 1. [more]


Eruption of Bromo on 8 June, 2004 (1).		Eruption of Bromo on 8 June, 2004 (2).

--> more info about the eruption of Bromo on 8 June, 2004.

Satellite image of Bromo

Saltellite image of the Tengger caldera with smoking Bromo in the upper center (white crater floor). (Photo courtesy: ESA Earth Observation)

Zoom onto the cone of Bromo volcano (from the satellite image to the left).

NASA space image of Bromo volcano, located inside the Tengger caldera.

Bromo volcano

Stratovolcano 2329 m / 7,641 ft
East Java, Indonesia, -7.94°S / 112.95°E
Current status: restless (2 out of 5)
Bromo webcams / live data

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Last update: 21 Jan 2013 (seismic unrest, steaming)
Typical eruption style: Explosive. Frequent small, phreatic eruptions at Bromo cinder cone on the bottom of the caldera.
Bromo volcano eruptions: 1804, 1815, 1820, 1822, 1825, 1829, 1830, 1835, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1865, 1865, 1866, 1867-68, 1877, 1885, 1885-86, 1886, 1886-87, 1888(?), 1890, 1893, 1896, 1906-07, 1907, 1907-08, 1909, 1910, 1915-16, 1921, 1922, 1928, 1930, 1935, 1939, 1940, 1948, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1972, 1980, 1983(?), 1983, 1984, 1995 (March-May), 1995 (Sep-Dec), 2000 (Nov)-20001 (Jan), 2004 (June), Dec 2010 - 2011
Bromo Volcano Photos

Last earthquakes nearby: No recent earthquakes

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Location

Mt. Bromo volcano in East Java is the active cone inside the giant Tengger caldera, one of Indonesia's most scenic locations destination in East Java, famous for its magnificient sunrise views and the panorama over the caldera with Semeru volcano in the background.

Background:

The 16-km-wide Tengger caldera is located at the northern end of a volcanic massif extending from Semeru volcano. The massive Tengger volcanic complex dates back to about 820,000 years ago and consists of five overlapping stratovolcanoes, each truncated by a caldera. Lava domes, pyroclastic cones, and a maar occupy the flanks of the massif. The Ngadisari caldera at the NE end of the complex formed about 150,000 years ago and is now drained through the Sapikerep Valley. The most recent of the Tengger calderas is the 9 x 10 km wide Sandsea Caldera at the SW end of the complex, which formed incrementally during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. An overlapping cluster of post-caldera cones was constructed on the floor of the Sandsea Caldera within the last several thousand years. The youngest of these is Bromo, one of Java's most active and most frequently visited volcanoes.

Bromo Photos:

(Photo: Jorge Santos)	A powerful vulcanian-type explosion shakes the ground. Many incandescent bombs are thrown many hundreds of meters into the night sky, and many of them land outside the cr...	Very rare and big (2cm!) Olivine crystal at a rock of the Tengger caldera (Photo: Tobias Schorr)
Powerful strombolian eruption at night, throwing many bombs onto the outer flank, some hitting the stairway leading up to the crater. (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)	Dense ash clouds are produced by vulcanian-type explosions. In this long exposure night time shot, the ash cloud is blurred against the moon-lit landscape. Bromo's Hindu ...	View onto Bromo crater with a strong strombolian eruption in bright moonlight. The ash, blurred in the long exposure, hides many blocks. (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)