Ranau caldera Volcano
Updated: Nov 10, 2025 22:28 GMT -
stratovolcano, caldera
Sumatra (Indonesia), -4.91°S / 103.96°E 
Summit height: 1880 m
Current status: normal or dormant (1 out of 5)
Ranau is an 8 x 13 km caldera volcano in southern Sumatra partially filled by the crescent-shaped Lake Ranau. Gunung Semuning is a potentially still active stratovolcano constructed at the SE side of the caldera.
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Ranau caldera volcano eruptions: None in historic times
Latest nearby earthquakes
| Date and Time | Mag / Depth | Distance / Location | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Background
Ranau is an 8 x 13 km Pleistocene caldera partially filled by the crescent-shaped Lake Ranau. The caldera lies along the Great Sumatran Fault that extends the length of Sumatra.Incremental formation of the caldera culminated in the eruption of the voluminous Ranau Tuff about 0.55 million years ago. A morphologically young post-caldera stratovolcano, Gunung Semuning, was constructed within the SE side of the caldera to a height of more than 1,200 m above the lake surface. The volcano has not been mapped in sufficient detail to determine the age of its latest eruptions, although fish kills and sulfur smells in the late 19th and early 20th centuries may be related to volcanism.
Source: Smithsonian / GVP
Significant volcanic eruptions: Ranau caldera volcano
In the past 10,000 years, Ranau caldera has had only one confirmed historic eruption ###WHEN1###|only one confirmed historic eruption ###WHEN1### and one ###WHEN2### inferred from geological evidence|only one confirmed historic eruption ###WHEN1###, but at least ###NUM_INFERRED### eruptions can be inferred from geological evidence|at least ###NUM_CONFIRMED### confirmed eruptions, all documented by historical records or observations|at least ###NUM_CONFIRMED### confirmed volcanic eruptions, out of which ###NUM_HISTORIC### are documented by historical records, while the others can be inferred from geological evidence.
No historic eruptions are known from Ranau caldera volcano, but at least one eruption ###WHEN2### can be inferred from geological evidence|evidence from at least ###NUM_CONFIRMED### eruptions during the past 10,000 years can be found in the geological record.
There are only 2 uncertain or discredited eruptions from Ranau caldera volcano during the past 10,000 years.
No historic eruptions are known from Ranau caldera volcano, but at least one eruption ###WHEN2### can be inferred from geological evidence|evidence from at least ###NUM_CONFIRMED### eruptions during the past 10,000 years can be found in the geological record.
There are only 2 uncertain or discredited eruptions from Ranau caldera volcano during the past 10,000 years.
The table below lists all known eruptions (date in bold face) of Ranau caldera volcano in historic times and during the past 10,000 years. Updates on the most recent volcanic activity of Ranau caldera can be found on the news page of Ranau caldera volcano.
| Date | Note | VEI | Deaths | Damage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
?? | Uncertain Eruption | ? | |||
?? | Uncertain Eruption | ? | |||
Remark:
Our list of volcanic eruptions closely follows the database of eruptions of the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Project (GVP), the internationally most recognized data source for volcanic eruptions, but also includes significant eruptive episodes or related volcano events. "Volcanic eruptions" are usually to be understood as sequences of individual eruptive episodes that can follow each other, or even overlap (if several vents are involved), and can last many years, decades or even longer. For example, the current activity of Stromboli volcano is understood as a single eruption that has been ongoing since 1934.
Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | Global Volcanism Project / Smithsonian Institution
Latest satellite images
Ranau caldera Volcano Maps
Below is a selection of maps showing the location and surroundings of the volcano at various resolutions based on aerial-imagery / terrain maps. Feel free to use them for non-commercial purposes on your blog or website as long as you credit them with a link back to this page (click to copy it).
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (world scale)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (world scale)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (region scale large)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (region scale large)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (region scale medium)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (region scale medium)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (region scale small)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (region scale small)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (local scale large)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (local scale large)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (local scale medium)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (local scale medium)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (local scale small)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (local scale small)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of 10s of km)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of 10s of km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of 20-40 km)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of 20-40 km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of approx. 10-20 km)
Terrain-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of approx. 10-20 km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of 5-10 km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Ranau caldera volcano (scale of few kilometers)
