Tongariro Volcan

Updated: 6 mai 2025 11:03 GMT - refresh

complex volcano

North Island, New Zealand, -39.12°S / 175.65°E

+Heure locale:

Lever du soleil:

Coucher du soleil:

Lever de lune:

Coucher de lune:

Summit height: 1978 m / 6,490 ft

Condition actuelle: normal / en sommeil (1 sur 5)

Last update: 10 déc. 2021

Tongariro volcano is a large complex volcano with about 12 craters and vents, including the steep stratovolcano Ngauruhoe, which is the focus of most activity in recent times.
Tongariro with its colorful crater lakes, hot springs, fumaroles, numerous cones and lava deserts is one of the major tourist attractions of the North Island, and the famous "Tongariro crossing" is generally regarded as one of the most scenic hikes in the world.

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Tongariro webcams / live data | News/Updates | Earthquakes | Images

Style éruptif tipique: explosive
Eruptions du volcan Tongariro: Eruptions outside Ngauruhoe, mainly on SSE flank (Red Crater): 6 Aug 2012, 1927 (?), 1926, 1896, 1890 (?), 1886, 1885±1, 1869, 1859, 1855, 1500 ± 50, 550 BC ± 200 years, 9350 BC (?), 9450 BC (?), 9650 BC (?), 9850 BC (?)
Eruptions from Ngauruhoe vent: 1975-77, 1972, 1968-69, 1962, 1958-59, 1956, 1948-54, 1939-40, 1937, 1934, 1931, 1924-28, 1917, 1913-14, 1909-10, 1904-07, 1897-98, 1892, 1883, 1881, 1878, 1875, 1869-70, 1862-64, 1857, 1844, 1841, 1839, 550 BC ± 200

Derniers séismes proches

Date et l'heure	Mag / Prof.	Distance / Lieux
6 mai 21:57 (GMT +12)	1.6 10.5 km	29 km au sud-ouest	80 km au nord de Wanganui, Manawatu-Wanganui, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
6 mai 16:56 (GMT +12)	0.4 76 km	14 km au sud-ouest	Manawatu-Wanganui, 76 km au sud-ouest de Taupo, Waikato, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
6 mai 14:49 (GMT +12)	0.6 67 km	21 km au sud-ouest	85 km au nord-est de Wanganui, Manawatu-Wanganui, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
lundi, 5 mai 2025 GMT (3 séismes)
6 mai 05:44 (GMT +12)	0.6 3.1 km	19 km au sud-ouest	Manawatu-Wanganui, 119 km à l'ouest de Hastings, Hawke's Bay, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
6 mai 03:02 (GMT +12)	2.0 102 km	11 km au nord-ouest	Manawatu-Wanganui, 64 km au sud-ouest de Taupo, Waikato, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
5 mai 22:42 (GMT +12)	0.9 11 km	28 km au sud-ouest	83 km au nord de Wanganui, Manawatu-Wanganui, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
dimanche, 4 mai 2025 GMT (2 séismes)
4 mai 20:59 (Temps Universel)	0.3 2 km	2.5 km au nord-est	59 km au sud-ouest de Taupo, Waikato, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
5 mai 04:01 (GMT +12)	1.6 88 km	12 km au sud-est	Waikato, 100 km au nord-est de Wanganui, Manawatu-Wanganui, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info
dimanche, 27 avril 2025 GMT (1 séisme)
27 avril 15:23 (GMT +12)	1.3 14 km	28 km au sud-ouest	83 km au nord de Wanganui, Manawatu-Wanganui, Nouvelle-Zélande	Info

Voir tous

Introduction

Tongariro is a large andesitic volcanic massif, located immediately NE of Ruapehu volcano, that is composed of more than a dozen composite cones constructed over a period of 275,000 years.
Vents along a NE-trending zone extending from Saddle Cone (below Ruapehu volcano) to Te Mari crater (including vents at the present-day location of Ngauruhoe) were active during a several hundred year long period around 10,000 years ago, producing the largest known eruptions at the Tongariro complex during the Holocene. North Crater stratovolcano, one of the largest features of the massif, is truncated by a broad, shallow crater filled by a solidified lava lake that is cut on the NW side by a small explosion crater.
The youngest cone of the complex, Ngauruhoe, has grown to become the highest peak of the massif since its birth about 2500 years ago. The symmetrical, steep-sided Ngauruhoe, along with its neighbor Ruapehu to the south, have been New Zealand's most active volcanoes during historical time.

Tongariro Volcano Photos

Couches de scories oxydées au cratère rouge du volcan Tongariro (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)

Couches de scories rouges au cratère rouge du volcan Tongariro (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)

More photos

Éruptions volcaniques importantes: volcano Tongariro

In the past 10,000 years, Tongariro has had at least 76 confirmed volcanic eruptions, out of which 70 are documented by historical records, while the others can be inferred from geological evidence.
Additionally, there are 3 uncertain or discredited eruptions from Tongariro volcano.

The table below lists all known eruptions (date in bold face) of Tongariro volcano since around 1900. Updates on the most recent volcanic activity of Tongariro can be found on the news page of Tongariro volcano.

Date	Note	VEI	Dommages
2012 Nov 21	Upper Te Maari Craters Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
2012 Août 6 - Août 7	Upper Te Maari Craters Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1977 Jul 4	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	1	inconnu
1976 Août 23 - Août 28	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	1	inconnu
1975 Fév 12 - Fév 23	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	3	inconnu
1972 Nov 22 - 1974 Août 19	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	3	inconnu
1972 Mar 19 - Jun 6	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1969 Jan 21	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1968 Août 18	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1962 Mai 24	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1959 Jun 1	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1958 Nov 5 - Nov 18 ?	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1956 Jan 11 - Fév 11	Ngauruhoe (south sub-crater) Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1954 Mai 13 - 1955 Jun 25	Ngauruhoe (south sub-crater) Obs./docs historiques	3	inconnu
1953 Déc 28 ou avant	Ngauruhoe (south sub-crater) Obs./docs historiques	?	inconnu
1952 Nov 29 - 1953 Jul 16 ±15 d.	Ngauruhoe (south sub-crater) Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1951 Mai 16 ±15 d.	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1950 Jun 16	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1949 Fév 9 - Mar 3	Ngauruhoe (south sub-crater) Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1948 Sep	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1948 Avr 30 - Mai	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1940 Sep - Oct	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1939 Août	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1937 Jan	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1934 Déc - 1935 Fév	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1934 Jun	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1931 Fév - Mai	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1928 Jul	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1928 Mar 3	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1926 Déc 21 - Déc 30 ?	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
?? 1927	Éruption incertaine	1?	inconnu
1926 Avr 16 - Jun	Ngauruhoe and Red Crater Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1925 Nov - Déc	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1924 Oct - Nov	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1924 Mai 22	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1924 Jan 9 - Jan 30	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1917 Oct - Nov	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1914 Sep - Oct	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1913 Mai	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1913 Jan	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1910 Oct - 1911 Jan	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1910 Jan	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1909 Mar - Jul	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1907 Nov	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1907 Fév - Mai	Ngauruhoe (south sub-crater) Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1906 Mar	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1905	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu
1904 Nov 22	Ngauruhoe Obs./docs historiques	2	inconnu

Plus

Remark:

Our list of volcanic eruptions closely follows the database of eruptions of the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Project (GVP), the internationally most recognized data source for volcanic eruptions, but also includes significant eruptive episodes or related volcano events. "Volcanic eruptions" are usually to be understood as sequences of individual eruptive episodes that can follow each other, or even overlap (if several vents are involved), and can last many years, decades or even longer. For example, the current activity of Stromboli volcano is understood as a single eruption that has been ongoing since 1934.

Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | Global Volcanism Project / Smithsonian Institution

Eruptions du volcan Tongariro

6 August 2012 eruption
A brief but violent phreatic eruption occurred at 23:50 local time on 6 August from new vents near the Te Mari crater of Tongariro.
The explosion followed several weeks of increased earthquakes under the volcano. It produced a 7 km tall ash plume and threw ballistic blocks of up to 1 m diameter to 1.5-2 km distance.

An interesting news article with eyewitness accounts and other information: First Tongariro eruption in over 100 years ...plus d'info

Tongariro Volcano FAQ

+When was the last eruption of Tongariro volcano?

The last confirmed eruption of Tongariro occurred in 2012.

+How often does Tongariro volcano erupt?

Since 1839, Tongariro volcano has had at least 70 historically documented eruptions. This means that it erupts on average every 2.7 years.

+How active is Tongariro volcano at present?

Tongariro volcano is very active: Since 1900, it has had 41 eruptions, and been active during 41 years out of 126 as of now. This means, Tongariro has been in eruption one in 3.1 years on average. The last eruption was in 2012 and ended 12 years ago.

+When was the largest eruption of Tongariro volcano?

The largest eruption known from the younger geological history of Tongariro volcano occurred around 550 BC. It ranks as a "vulcanian" eruption with a magnitude 3 on the VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index) scale.

Dernières images satellite

See also: Sentinel hub | Landsat 8 | NASA FIRMS

Derniers images satellite

Tongariro Volcan Cartes

Below is a selection of maps showing the location and surroundings of the volcano at various resolutions based on aerial-imagery / terrain maps. Feel free to use them for non-commercial purposes on your blog or website as long as you credit them with a link back to this page (click to copy it).