Raung Volcano

Updated: Nov 11, 2025 07:54 GMT - refresh

Stratovolcano

East Java (Indonesia), -8.13°S / 114.04°E

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Summit height: 3332 m (10,932 ft)

Current status: minor activity or eruption warning (3 out of 5)

Last update: 1 Oct 2025 (Smithsonian Daily Volcanic Activity Report)

View of the immense, 2 km wide summit crater, a small caldera surrounded by steep walls 4-500 m deep.

Raung in Eastern Java in the Ijen Plateau is one of Java's most active volcanoes, with frequent explosive eruptions every few years. Raung is a massive stratovolcano constructed SW of the rim of the Ijen caldera. Its 3332-m-high, unvegetated summit of Gunung Raung is truncated by a dramatic steep-walled, 2-km-wide caldera where all of the frequent historical eruptions took place.

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Typical eruption style: Explosive
Raung volcano eruptions: 1586 (?), 1593 (large sub-plinian eruption), 1597, 1638, 1730, 1804+-4y, 1812-14, 1815 +-1y, 1817, 1838, 1849, 1859, 1860, 1864, 1881, 1885, 1890, 1896, 1897, 1902, 1903, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1921, 1924, 1924, 1927-28, 1928, 1929, 1933, 1936, 1937, 1938-39, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1944-45, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1971, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1987-89, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1995 (?), 1997, 1999, Jul 2000, Jun-Aug 2002, Apr-Oct 2004 (?), Jul-Aug 2005 (?), Aug 2007 (?), 2012, 2014-15, 2020-ongoing

Latest nearby earthquakes

Date and Time	Mag / Depth	Distance / Location

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Background

A prehistoric collapse of Gunung Gadung on the west flank produced a large debris avalanche that traveled 79 km from the volcano, reaching nearly to the Indian Ocean. Raung contains several centers constructed along a NE-SW line, with Gunung Suket and Gunung Gadung stratovolcanoes being located to the NE and west, respectively.
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Source: adapted from GVP (Global Volcanism Program)

Raung Volcano Photos

Strombolian activity from Raung volcano (East Java, Indonesia) 26 July 2015 (Photo: V. Tricou)

Sunset light on the eastern caldera walls of Raung volcano (East Java, Indonesia) (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)

Raung volcano (East Java, Indonesia) on June 18, 2016. (Photo: V. Tricou)

Strombolian eruption at Raung volcano on 6 Jan 2015 (Photo: daring-trip)

More photos

Significant volcanic eruptions: Raung volcano

In the past 10,000 years, Raung has had at least 69 confirmed eruptions, all documented by historical records or observations. Additionally, there are 6 uncertain or discredited eruptions from Raung volcano.

The table below lists all known eruptions (date in bold face) of Raung volcano since around 1900. Updates on the most recent volcanic activity of Raung can be found on the news page of Raung volcano.

Date	Note	VEI
2024 Dec 15 -	Historical obs./docs.	?
2022 May 14 - Sep 27	Historical obs./docs.	2
2021 Jan 21 - Apr 14	Historical obs./docs.	2
2020 Jul 16 - Oct 3	Historical obs./docs.	1
2014 Nov 23 ±5 d. - 2015 Aug 30 ±8 d.	Summit crater Historical obs./docs.	2
?? 2014 Jan 4	Uncertain Eruption Historical obs./docs.	1
2013 Jun 29 - Jul 31	Summit crater Historical obs./docs.	1
2012 Oct 16 ±2 d. - 2013 Jan 6	Summit crater Historical obs./docs.	1
2008 Jun 12 - Jun 17 ?	Historical obs./docs.	2
2007 Jul 26 - Aug 26	Historical obs./docs.	2
?? 2005 Jul 23 ? - Aug 15 ?	Uncertain Eruption	2?
?? 2004 Apr 15 ? - Oct 8 ?	Uncertain Eruption	2?
2002 Jun 16 ±15 d. - Aug 25 or later	Historical obs./docs.	2
2000 Jul 9	Historical obs./docs.	2?
1999 Jul 30	Historical obs./docs.	2
1997 Apr 16 ±15 d.	Historical obs./docs.	2
?? 1995 Aug 15	Uncertain Eruption	2?
1995 Mar 16 ±15 d.	Historical obs./docs.	1
1994 Jul 14	Historical obs./docs.	1
1993 Apr 1 ±90 d.	Historical obs./docs.	1
1991 Sep 10 - Nov 12 ?	Historical obs./docs.	2
1990 Jan 16 or before - Dec 16 ±15 d.	Historical obs./docs.	2
1987 May 16 ±15 d. - 1989 Jul 28 ±3 d.	Historical obs./docs.	1
1985 Aug 23 - 1986 Feb 28	Historical obs./docs.	2
1982 Jul 18 - Jul 20	Historical obs./docs.	3
1978 Jan 16 ±15 d. - 1979 Dec 16 ±15 d.	Historical obs./docs.	1
1977 Jun 9 - Jun 30	Historical obs./docs.	2
1976 Jun 7 - Nov 21	Historical obs./docs.	2
1975 Mar 16 ±15 d. - May 16 ±15 d.	Historical obs./docs.	1
1974 Jun 15 - Jul 17 ?	Historical obs./docs.	2
1973 May 16 ±15 d. - Oct 16 ±15 d.	Historical obs./docs.	1
1971 Sep 14	Historical obs./docs.	1
1956 Feb 13 - Mar 25	Historical obs./docs.	3
1955 Jan 18	Historical obs./docs.	2?
1953 Jan 31 - Apr 15 ±5 d.	Historical obs./docs.	3
1944 Jun 30 - 1945 Apr 19	Historical obs./docs.	2
1943 Mar 17 - Jun 18	Historical obs./docs.	2
1941 Dec 13	Historical obs./docs.	2
1940	Historical obs./docs.	2
1938 Aug 13 - 1939 Jan 10 or later	Historical obs./docs.	2
1937 Oct 27 - Nov 27	Historical obs./docs.	2
1936 Aug 22 - Dec 11	Historical obs./docs.	2
1933 Nov 21 - Dec 6	Historical obs./docs.	2
1929 Apr 27 ±60 d.	Historical obs./docs.	2
1928 Nov	Historical obs./docs.	2
1927 Aug 2 - 1928 Mar	Central cone and NW crater wall Historical obs./docs.	2
?? 1924 Aug 20	Uncertain Eruption	2?
1924 Feb	Historical obs./docs.	2
1921 Feb 14 ±4 d. - Apr	1913 cone Historical obs./docs.	2
1917 Feb 22	Historical obs./docs.	2
1916 Nov - Dec	Historical obs./docs.	2
1915 May	Historical obs./docs.	2
1913 May 10 - Dec	Historical obs./docs.	2
1903 Nov 28 - 1904 Jan	Historical obs./docs.	2
1902 Feb 16 - Feb 27 or later	Historical obs./docs.	2

Remark:

Our list of volcanic eruptions closely follows the database of eruptions of the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Project (GVP), the internationally most recognized data source for volcanic eruptions, but also includes significant eruptive episodes or related volcano events. "Volcanic eruptions" are usually to be understood as sequences of individual eruptive episodes that can follow each other, or even overlap (if several vents are involved), and can last many years, decades or even longer. For example, the current activity of Stromboli volcano is understood as a single eruption that has been ongoing since 1934.

Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | Global Volcanism Project / Smithsonian Institution

Raung Volcano FAQ

+When was the last eruption of Raung volcano?

The last confirmed eruption of Raung occurred in 2024.

+How often does Raung volcano erupt?

Since 1593 AD, Raung volcano has had at least 69 historically documented eruptions. This means that it erupts on average every 6.3 years.

+How active is Raung volcano at present?

Raung volcano is extremely active: Since 1900, it has had 58 eruptions, and been active during 58 years out of 126 as of now. This means, Raung has been in eruption one in 2.2 years on average. The last eruption was in 2024 and ended 11 months ago.

+When was the largest eruption of Raung volcano?

The largest eruption of Raung volcano in historic times occurred in 1593 AD. It ranks as a plinian eruption with a magnitude 5 on the VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index) scale. Eruption of this size are often catastrophic on a regional scale.

Latest satellite images

See also: Sentinel hub | Landsat 8 | NASA FIRMS

Latest satellite images

Raung Volcano Maps

Below is a selection of maps showing the location and surroundings of the volcano at various resolutions based on aerial-imagery / terrain maps. Feel free to use them for non-commercial purposes on your blog or website as long as you credit them with a link back to this page (click to copy it).