Bromo volcano

Updated: Aug 13, 2022 21:59 GMT - Refresh

Stratovolcano 2329 m / 7,641 ft
East Java, Indonesia, -7.94°S / 112.95°E
Current status: normal or dormant (1 out of 5)

Last update: 8 Dec 2021 (Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report)

Mt. Bromo volcano in East Java is the active cone inside the giant Tengger caldera, one of Indonesia's most scenic locations destination in East Java, famous for its magnificient sunrise views and the panorama over the caldera with Semeru volcano in the background.

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Typical eruption style: Explosive. Frequent small, phreatic eruptions at Bromo cinder cone on the bottom of the caldera.
Bromo volcano eruptions: 1804, 1815, 1820, 1822, 1825, 1829, 1830, 1835, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1865, 1865, 1866, 1867-68, 1877, 1885, 1885-86, 1886, 1886-87, 1888(?), 1890, 1893, 1896, 1906-07, 1907, 1907-08, 1909, 1910, 1915-16, 1921, 1922, 1928, 1930, 1935, 1939, 1940, 1948, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1972, 1980, 1983(?), 1983, 1984, 1995 (March-May), 1995 (Sep-Dec), 2000 (Nov)-2001 (Jan), 2004 (June), 2010 (Nov)-2011 (Jun) , 2015 (Nov)- 2016 (Nov), 2019 (Mar-Jul), 2020 (Dec), 2021 (Apr-Oct)
Lastest nearby earthquakes:

Time	Mag. / Depth	Distance/Location
Monday, August 1, 2022 GMT (1 quake)
Aug 1, 2022 7:04 am (GMT +7) (Aug 1, 2022 00:04 GMT)	4.1 165 km	61 km (38 mi) 19 km southwest of Batu, East Java, Indonesia

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Background

The 16-km-wide Tengger caldera is located at the northern end of a volcanic massif extending from Semeru volcano. The massive Tengger volcanic complex dates back to about 820,000 years ago and consists of five overlapping stratovolcanoes, each truncated by a caldera. Lava domes, pyroclastic cones, and a maar occupy the flanks of the massif. The Ngadisari caldera at the NE end of the complex formed about 150,000 years ago and is now drained through the Sapikerep Valley. The most recent of the Tengger calderas is the 9 x 10 km wide Sandsea Caldera at the SW end of the complex, which formed incrementally during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. An overlapping cluster of post-caldera cones was constructed on the floor of the Sandsea Caldera within the last several thousand years. The youngest of these is Bromo, one of Java's most active and most frequently visited volcanoes.

Bromo Photos

Very rare and big (2cm!) Olivine crystal at a rock of the Tengger caldera (Photo: Tobias Schorr)

A powerful vulcanian-type explosion shakes the ground. Many incandescent bombs are thrown many hundreds of meters into the night sky, and many of them land outside the cr...