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Volcanoes of or near Turkey (25)

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Significant volcanic eruptions: Turkey

In historic times, at least 3 volcanoes have been active in Turkey, including Tendürek Dağ, Ararat, and Nemrut Dagi volcanoes. A total of 6 eruptions have been witnessed and documented since around 1111 AD.
The table below lists volcanic eruptions, significant eruptive episodes or related events in Turkey during geologically recent times.
DateVolcanoVEIRegionDeathsDamage
1855Tendürek Dağ?Turkey
1840 Jul 2Ararat
Upper northern flank
3?Turkey
1650 AD Oct 27Nemrut Dagi
East flank (Lake Van)
?Turkey
1597 or before ADNemrut Dagi?Turkey
1441 ADNemrut Dagi
North flank (Nemrut Boynu)
?Turkey
1111 ADNemrut Dagi
East flank (Lake Van)
?Turkey
Remark:
Our list of volcanic eruptions closely follows the database of eruptions of the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Project (GVP), the internationally most recognized data source for volcanic eruptions, but also includes significant eruptive episodes or related volcano events. "Volcanic eruptions" are usually to be understood as sequences of individual eruptive episodes that can follow each other, or even overlap (if several vents are involved), and can last many years, decades or even longer. For example, the current activity of Stromboli volcano is understood as a single eruption that has been ongoing since 1934.
Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | Global Volcanism Project / Smithsonian Institution

Turkey FAQ

+When was the last volcanic eruption in Turkey?

+When was the first documented volcanic eruption in Turkey?

+How often do volcanoes in Turkey erupt?

+When was the largest volcanic eruption in Turkey?

Latest earthquakes: Turkey

In the past 7 days, Turkey has had 2 quakes of magnitude 4.0 or above, 20 quakes between 3.0 and 4.0, and 128 quakes between 2.0 and 3.0. There were also 565 quakes below magnitude 2.0 which people don't normally feel.
A magnitude 4.0 quake was felt in Sea of Marmara, Turkey .
Magnitude 4.0 Earthquake Sea of Marmara, Turkey widely felt -
Date and TimeMag / DepthNearest Volcano / Location
May 24, 01:52 pm (Istanbul)
3.7

9.9 km
148 km (92 mi) W ofAegean Sea, 13 km north of Uzunada Island, Izmir, TurkeyI FELT IT - 2 reportsInfo
Tuesday, May 20, 2025 GMT (1 quake)
May 20, 11:36 pm (Istanbul)
4.0

8.2 km
244 km (152 mi) N ofSea of Marmara, 28 km southwest of Beylikduzu, Istanbul, TurkeyI FELT IT - 64 reportsInfo
Monday, May 19, 2025 GMT (1 quake)
May 19, 03:58 pm (Istanbul)
3.8

8.8 km
104 km (65 mi) N of24 km west of Aydin, Aydin, TurkeyI FELT IT - 7 reportsInfo
Sunday, May 18, 2025 GMT (2 quakes)
May 18, 10:29 am (Athens)
3.8

14 km
99 km (62 mi) SE of37 km south of Rhodes, Dodecanese, South Aegean, GreeceI FELT IT - 61 reportsInfo
May 18, 04:53 am (Istanbul)
3.7

7 km
59 km (37 mi) E ofAegean Sea, 44 km southwest of Mugla, Mugla, TurkeyI FELT IT - 2 reportsInfo
Saturday, May 17, 2025 GMT (1 quake)
May 17, 10:05 pm (Istanbul)
4.0

7 km
110 km (68 mi) E of16 km northeast of Goksun, Kahramanmaras, TurkeyI FELT IT - 2 reportsInfo

Significant Earthquakes in Turkey since 1900


The deadliest earthquake in Turkey since 1900 was the magnitude 7.8 earthquake in  Turkey, Gaziantep on Feb, 6, 2023. It resulted in 56,697 fatalities and 119,200 injured people. A tsunami was generated by the quake as well and contributed to its desctuctive effects. This was the 6th worst quake in Turkey during recorded history. This was also the most damaging earthquake that occurred in this time: total economic losses were estimated to the equivalent of $42.9 billion US Dollars. More than 542,000 houses and other buildings were destroyed and more than 1,470,000 damaged.

DateMagRegionDeathsDamage
2023 Feb 67.8 Kahramanmaras; Syria56,697
catastrophic
Info
1999 Nov 127.2 Bolu-duzce-kaynasli, Adapazari, Zonguldak894
catastrophic
Info
1999 Aug 177.6 Istanbul, Kocaeli, Sakarya17,118
catastrophic
Info
1992 Mar 136.9 Erzincan653
very heavy
Info
1983 Oct 306.9 Erzurum, Kars, Khorasan, Pasinler, Narman1,342
heavy
Info
1976 Nov 247.0 Muradiye5,000
heavy
Info
1975 Sep 66.7 Lice2,311
heavy
Info
1971 May 226.7 Bingol1,000
moderate
Info
1970 Mar 287.2 Gediz1,086
heavy
Info
1966 Aug 196.8 Varto2,394
heavy
Info
1953 Mar 187.3 Yenice, Onon1,070
moderate
Info
1946 May 315.9 Ustukran840
moderate
Info
1944 Feb 17.6Turkey2,381
heavy
Info
1943 Nov 267.5 Ladik, Samsun, Havza4,020
very heavy
Info
1942 Dec 207.0 Niksar, Erbaa1,000
very heavy
Info
1939 Dec 267.8 Erzincan32,700
heavy
Info
1914 Oct 37.0 Burdur, Kilinc, Keciborlu, Isparta4,000
very heavy
Info
1912 Aug 97.2 Marmara Sea2,800
very heavy
Info
1903 May 285.8 Varginis, Cardahli, Mehkerek1,000
heavy
Info
1903 Apr 286.3 Malazgirt3,560
very heavy
Info
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K

Map

Oldest quakes (until 1960) are shown in yellow, most recent (from 2000) in red.
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Significant Earthquakes in Turkey FAQ

+Which was the deadliest earthquake in Turkey since 1900?

+How many people were killed by earthquakes in Turkey since 1900?

+How much damage did earthquakes cause in Turkey since 1900?

Volcano List

Acigöl-Nevsehir

(caldera, lava domes 1689 m)
Google Earth View image of the caldera of Acigöl-Nevsehir
Google Earth View image of the caldera of Acigöl-Nevsehir
The big caldera of Acigöl-Nevsehir is located in central Turkey and has a size of 7-8 km diameter. [more info]

Akyarlar

(lava domes 172 m)
Volcanic cones and domes of Akyarlar volcanic field on the Bodrum peninsula of southwestern Turkey seen from Kos Island, Greece.
Volcanic cones and domes of Akyarlar volcanic field on the Bodrum peninsula of southwestern Turkey seen from Kos Island, Greece.
The Bodrum & Akyarlar volcanics belong to the area of the active Cos volcanic complex and are the most western volcanics of Turkey. [more info]

Ararat

(stratovolcano 5165 m)
The 5165-m-high, double-peaked stratovolcano Mount Ararat, also known as Agri Dagi, is Turkey's highest, largest volume, and easternmost volcano. [more info]

Arpacay

(Volcanic field unknown)
[more info]

Ceyhan-Osmaniye

(Volcanic field 424 m / 1391 ft)
[more info]

Erciyes Dagi

(stratovolcano 3916 m)
Erciyes Dağ or Erciyes Dagi volcano is a massive, eroded stratovolcano that dominates the northern end of the Sultansazligi Basin in central Anatolia. It covers an area of about 1300 sq km. [more info]

Etrusk

(Stratovolcano 3100 m / 10171 ft)
[more info]

Girekol

(stratovolcano 2323 m)
A huge volcano north of Van lake with a great eruption crater towards south-east. [more info]

Gölcük

(Caldera unknown)
[more info]

Göllü Dağ

(stratovolcano 2143 m)
Göllü Dağ, a 2143-m-high rhyolitic-to-rhyodacitic lava dome complex in central Anatolia, lies between the Hasan Dağ and Acigöl-Nevsehir volcanic complexes. [more info]

Hasan Dagi

(stratovolcano 3253 m)
The Hasan Dagi is a huge stratovolcano on which caldera collapses took place in ca. 7500-7600 years ago. [more info]

Karaca Dağ

(shieldvolcano 1957 m)
The huge Karaca Dağ volcano is a 1957 m high basaltic shield volcano in SE-Turkey near the Syrian border. It is situated on the Arabian foreland and about 150 km of the boundary of the Anatolian plate. It has been active since the Pliocene and also in historic times eruptions occ... [more info]

Karadağ

(stratovolcano, lava domes 2265 m)
A huge volcanic complex near the village Madenşehri with a huge crater. [more info]

Karapinar

(cinder cones, maar 1086 m)
The Karapinar volcanic field is one of the most interesting areas in south-western Turkey. [more info]

Karasu Rift

(Volcanic field 486 m / 1594 ft)
[more info]

Kargapazari Dagi

(Unknown 2089 m / 6854 ft)
[more info]

Kars

(stratovolcano ca. 3000 m)
The Kars Plateau is a broad calc-alkaline to alkaline volcanic field of largely Pliocene to mid-Pleistocene age in the NE corner of Turkey (Innocenti et al., 1982; Yilmaz, 1990). [more info]

Kenger

(cinder cone 745 m)
The Kenger volcano belongs to the fault system that created also the Kula cinder cones in western Turkey. [more info]

Kisir Dagi

(Unknown 3192 m / 10472 ft)
[more info]

Koruhüyüğü

(cinder cones 433 m)
A serial of cinder cones in the "graben" structure in the area north of Kirikhan town in Turkey. [more info]

Kula

(cinder cones, maars 740 m)
The Kula volcanic field in western Turkey near the city Selendi had the last eruptions probably more than 10.000 years ago. [more info]

Nemrut Dagi

(caldera 2948 m)
The summit of Nemrut Dagi is truncated by a 5 x 9 km caldera near Lake Van in eastern Turkey. A lake that partially fills the western side of the caldera is constrained by post-caldera eruptions that produced glassy obsidian lava flows from domes on the eastern caldera floor. A series of scoria cones and lava domes were erupted along N-S-trending fissures on the northern flank. Ash layers in Lake Van document numerous Holocene eruptions from Nemrut Dagi. (Image: NASA International Space Station image ISS001-E-6354, 2001, http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).
The summit of Nemrut Dagi is truncated by a 5 x 9 km caldera near Lake Van in eastern Turkey. A lake that partially fills the western side of the caldera is constrained by post-caldera eruptions that produced glassy obsidian lava flows from domes on the eastern caldera floor. A series of scoria cones and lava domes were erupted along N-S-trending fissures on the northern flank. Ash layers in Lake Van document numerous Holocene eruptions from Nemrut Dagi. (Image: NASA International Space Station image ISS001-E-6354, 2001, http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).
Nemrut Dağ (or Nemrut Dagi) volcano is the westernmost of a group of volcanoes near Lake Van in eastern Anatolia, and the only one that has erupted in historical time. It contains a 9 x 5 km caldera partially filled on its western side by a caldera lake. [more info]

Sandal

(cinder cone 855 m)
The Sandal volcano belongs to the Kula volcanic area. [more info]

Süphan Dağ

(lava dome, strato volcano, pyroclatsic flows 4158 m)
The huge lava dome and strato-volcano is situated north of the famous lake Van. [more info]

Tendürek Dağ

(stratovolcano 3584 m)
Tendürek Dağ, also written as Tendürük Dagi, is an elongated shield volcano that rises 1800 m above the plain of Dogubayazit, near the Iranian border, south of Mount Ararat. [more info]
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Latest news
Sat, 11 Feb 2023, 16:39

Reported volcanic eruption from Göksun Kuşkayası mountain, Turkey, 11 February 2023

News is spreading in Turkey that a new volcano might have formed at a mountain called Kuşyakası, close to Büyükkızılcık village in the district of Göksun in the province of Kahramanmaraş, on 11 February 2023. ... Read all
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